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285: Upgrading Your Promotion Potential with Terra Winston

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Terra Winston says: "Stop looking at everything on your to-do list as having equal value to the people around you."

Terra Winston sheds light to the main pieces of getting promoted: learning precisely who promotes you and what they value.

You’ll Learn:

  1. The two major considerations for anyone who wants to be promoted
  2. Goal-setting considerations to align yourself with your boss’s needs
  3. Why and how to promote yourself

About Terra

Terra Winston is the Ringleader of inTerractions and Principal of inTerract Consulting.  For over 20 years she has impacted thousands of people through her leadership programs and coaching.  A life-long learner, she has channeled her passions into success in multiple arenas, from engineering to HR, from Corporate America to entrepreneurship.  Terra holds a BS in Systems Engineering from the University of Virginia, an MBA from Stanford, coaching certification from CTI, and a not-so-secret passion for Doctor Who.

Items Mentioned in this Show:

Terra Winston Interview Transcript

Pete Mockaitis
Terra, hello and welcome to How To Be Awesome At Your Job.

Terra Winston

Hi, I’m so excited to be here.

Pete Mockaitis

Oh, thank you.  I’m excited to have you.  And I learned a little bit about you, and one thing is that you have a passion for Doctor Who.  Tell us about this.

Terra Winston

Oh Pete, I do, I really do.  And I have to say this is what happens when you don’t have good cable coverage.

Pete Mockaitis

You’ve got to go to the UK.

Terra Winston

You end up following monsters.  Actually there was a point in time when all the cable companies switched over to digital.  And so I had a TV in my bedroom that didn’t have a cable box, and I was like, “Am I going to pay money for my bedroom?  No, I’m not.”  And what that relegated me to was 13 beautiful channels, just 13.  So I found myself at times at night, “No, I don’t want the news.  No, I don’t want the infomercial.  Hey, what is this?”
And there I found this crazy British show with some of the worst special effects I’ve ever seen.  But, it wasn’t the news or an infomercial.  And so, I started watching it in the background and I fell in love with it.  And I think what still connects me – and I know there are tons of people just like me come out the shadows and admit it, that are Doctor Who fans – is the promise of exploring all of space and time.  And as a learner, that to me is all the possibilities.  Why wouldn’t I want to follow that?

Pete Mockaitis

Well, it does sound like fun.  And I’ve never actually seen the show.  In prepping for this interview, I just was pulling up Wikipedia and YouTube.  It was like, “Okay, I know Doctor Who is a show.  UK, sci-fi.”  But I’ve heard of it many, many, many times, but never actually seen it.  And so, I understand the latest – this is no spoiler, this is in the news – the latest regeneration of Doctor Who for the first time is a woman.

Terra Winston

It’s a huge deal in the Who-verse. But it’s, like I said, all the possibilities.  How wonderful is that, that you can have a legacy character and it can grow with the times?  Quite frankly, if we looked at some of our other long-standing television shows, you kind of wish they would evolve, right?

Pete Mockaitis

James Bond will be a woman next time.  Janette Bond.

Terra Winston

Yeah, Janette Bond.  But yeah, you don’t want to know where she hides the gun.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright, well, I think we’re warmed up.  Thank you.  So tell us, what’s your company, inTerractions, all about?  Which is a very clever name – you have the capital T for the Terra in the middle of inTerractions.  What’s the story here?
Terra Winston

First of all, the name is one that people are always wondering.  I will tell you this is what happens when you try to buy an URL, and everything is taken.  Even crazy words like “Google” are taken.  You have to start resorting to slamming your name in the middle of words, just to see what works.  But inTerractions for me is a place that helps good people do great things.  And so, I get to work with individuals and entrepreneurs and leaders and even whole teams, and help knock down all the barriers that keep them from fulfilling their highest potential.  And so whether I’m doing coaching or whether my team is doing training, or even facilitation or consulting, we’re really about problem-solving, and get all that mess out of the way so that you can be your best.

Pete Mockaitis

That’s good.  And so, in learning about you something that really resonated for me as a potential fit between what you know and what my listeners want to know, is, you do some real work with professionals about getting promoted, and how that is done.  And so, I’d love to get your take here.  You’ve talked to a lot of people in a lot of environments and backgrounds, and you’ve had the fortune of going deep with that – Coaches CTI Training, oh yeah.  So, tell us – how should we start thinking about it?  If folks are looking to get promoted, what’s sort of your main philosophy or orienting principles to start the journey?

Terra Winston

So now, Pete, I have to warn you – I’m from Jersey originally, and what that means is I’m very practical.  And that’s how I dig into my work as a coach.  And I think back to my time in HR, my time as a coach, and all the various Industries and leaders I’ve worked with, and I will tell you this – I repeat the same advice for anyone who wants to get promoted.
Number one – understand who promotes you, and then number two – understand what they value.  And often times people get that mixed up.  So, it is very rare in an organization that only your manager has a responsibility and the ability to promote you by themselves.  It usually requires enrolling people.  Chances are there’s a conference room full of folks – probably your bosses, peers, and the manager above that, probably HR, and there may even be some other hangers-on that all kind of get in this conversation and have to vet whether or not someone can be promoted.  And if you’re not aware of that, it’s very easy to think that you’re killing it, in terms of your work, but not realizing that there are other factors at play.

Pete Mockaitis

Oh Terra, I love that so much.  This reminds me when I was an intern at Bain and I was all about getting that job offer, and I had a sort of like an “a-ha” moment, in which I assumed that the manager was the person who made the decision – that’s what I was told.  And so, I was working closely with this guy – Kyle – who was awesome, and his title was Senior Associate Consultant.  And so we were doing the day-to-day work, but Kyle was so cool and friendly, and I just thought we were like buds.  And so then he was talking about, “Hey, they’ve made some mistakes here, we’ve got to really sharpen some things up for the offer.”  And I said, “Oh, isn’t it the manager who makes the offer?”  And he’s like, “Well yeah, but I have the primary input into that decision because I’m kind of day-to-day working with you and seeing what you can do.”  And I said, “Oh wait, I’m supposed to be dazzling you?” [laugh] “I thought we were just buds, Kyle.”  And he was like, “Well, yes, I would like to be dazzled.”  And it was like, “Okay, thank you.  This was helpful.”

Terra Winston

It’s so true, and it’s not always easy.  And I will tell you, I have actually coached people who have been in organizations for 10-15 years, and the landscape can change.  And so the people who were involved in promoting you five years ago – the organization may have reworked, the power structure could have changed, just in terms of politics.  And all of a sudden you find out the people that were involved in your
promotion before aren’t as involved anymore.  So you’ve got to stay on top of that.

Pete Mockaitis

And I’m intrigued, to what extent is… Because you’ve worked with many different organizations.  To what extent is this kind of quiet and shrouded in mystery – the Council of Elders who make the determination, versus it’s very much clearly out in the open?  Or how do you gather that information?  Is it as easy as saying, “Hey, who all makes the decision?”  Or how do you get it?

Terra Winston

You’d actually be surprised.  Most of it is actually pretty open, but we just don’t think about it.  So, for bigger companies – I say mid-size and bigger companies that have the annual career planning, management planning process – they usually start at some point with you being given goals and objectives, a junior manager sits down with, and then there is a point in the mid-year when you talk about your career and how you’re doing against your goals.  And at the end of the year they’ll get your review, and that will then lead to next year, and usually maybe some money involved.
Now, what’s going along with that that’s often called the performance management process – there’s a backend to that.  So when your manager takes back your objectives or your ratings, they go into a meeting with, usually their peers, or some subset of their peers, and they are talking about you versus someone else on another team.  That process is usually very clearly outlined.  And if you were to ask your manager, “Well, how do you guys come to the ratings?” or, “What’s the process where you guys determine who gets promoted?” – they can very clearly tell you.  We just don’t ask.
And it usually isn’t something that involves you to be involved in, and so they don’t think to tell you.  So at least get the primary players.  Now all the influencers, some of that – it’s a matter of asking some people who may have been there.  That’s where mentors and sponsors come in great in an organization, but you should be able to very clearly figure out who the group is.  Now, for those of us who work in smaller organizations, it may be a single line.  It could very well be your manager and then the owner of the business.  Or if your manager is the owner of the business – ta-da!  You know exactly who makes all the decisions.  But you should be able to ask and get 90% of the way there.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, that’s good, thank you.  Alright, and so then when you talked about the goals, I want to get your take on. How often are the stated goals the real goals, versus, should you push harder and get after something that actually matters more to your boss, and your boss’s boss, and the organization at large?

Terra Winston

Okay, I love this question, because remember, I said there were two pieces.  It was knowing who promotes you and knowing what they value.  And so the goals that you have are very similar to your job description, and they list what your role should be.  Now that doesn’t tell you anything necessarily about what it takes to get ahead.  What that tells you is what your minimum expectations are.  And we tend to get that a little bit twisted.
When it comes to the realities, your manager and everyone that promotes you – they’re humans, with all the beautifulness and the flaws of being human.  So there will be some things that may be on your plate that are more interesting to them, because it makes them look good, or it may be something they’re more concerned about, or maybe they just happen to love that area.  So, there will be things that are on your plate that they go, “Ooh!”, and there will be things that are on your plate that they go, “Okay.”

Pete Mockaitis

Yeah.  And the side effects really help actually.  I like that.

Terra Winston

So in my very scientific way.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, because I think you’re right – some of them go, “Ooh”, because it’s like, “Ooh, there’s a lot of dollars associated with this and that’s very exciting.”  And other times it’s not even rational like that; it’s like, “Yeah, that is a dumb process that we’ve had for a long time, and I hate it.  And oh, you’re going to go fix it once and for all – ooh, that is exciting to me.  I value that and it gets me going, even if maybe the size of the prize in dollar terms might not be that huge.”

Terra Winston
Exactly.  And I’ve coached people who have lost promotions to peers who didn’t stack up the same amount of numbers, that didn’t deliver on all the objectives in the same way, and then it feels very hurtful.  But what they did do were things that were either visible or highly valued to the people who make the decisions.  And that’s not fair, but that’s reality – so getting a sense for kind of what those things are.
And I’ll tell you the other piece – goals can also be very misleading.  I can’t even tell you the number of times I’ve been brought in, where the leadership in the organization says, “This person is not ready to be promoted.  They have everything that they need but they’re still not ready.”  And when I ask what is that thing holding them back, it may be something like executive presence.  Do they have the gravitas, do they have the temperament, are they showing up as a leader?  Nothing to do with their work.  And then I go and I meet with the individual and I say, “Why do you think you haven’t been promoted?”  And the person says, “I’m not working hard enough.  I just need to deliver on these goals.”

Pete Mockaitis

Powerful disconnect.

Terra Winston

Powerful disconnect.  And it’s so easy to run yourself into a corner and then be really disillusioned.  That’s how good people get lost.  And so, paying attention to the goals is great.  Understanding what people value, and that is what they value in terms of the task and what they value in terms of the relationship and the being of a leader.

Pete Mockaitis

Yes, that’s great.  And so, when it comes to getting a sense for what they value, I think one action step is just to observe – where are their “Oohs” versus “Uhhs”, and really seem engaged and asking follow-up questions and their eyes are getting brighter?  So, what are some other pro tips for gathering this intelligence on what the folks value?

Terra Winston

So people will always ask about a lot; the things that matter to them.  So, when you get to a one-on-one or when you happen to be talking those infamous elevator conversations and you’re kind of bumping into people and they say, “Hey, how’s that so-and-so project going?” – that tells you that that’s something that’s big enough on their mind.  They didn’t ask you how that report B1716C paperwork was going.  So, they will tell you with attention.
Also pay attention to town halls or announcements.  What are the types of projects or programs or initiatives that get the big billing, and then kind of where does that trickle down to your work?  In those places you can tell that those are important initiatives to people.
And last resort is, sit down and talk to your manager or talk to someone else and say, “I’m working on all these things.  What do you think is the most exciting piece?”  Now, what you’re not asking is, “Where should I put my energy?”  Because they’re going to tell you, “Everything”, because that is the responsible thing to say.  But, “Tell me, of all the work that I’m working on, what do you think is the most exciting for the company?”  Or, “Give me your opinion.”  Their opinions will let you get a glimpse into the things that turn them on.  You can hear it in their voice at that point.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright, that’s good.  Okay.  Well, maybe could you give us a story or an example that can make some of this stuff come to life here?

Terra Winston

Absolutely.  So actually I want to continue the story about the poor guy who thought he had to work harder to get his promotion.  And it was interesting because as a coach I can’t come in and say, “I’ve spoken to everyone and they say that your work is great, but you just don’t seem like a leader.”  And I will tell you the frustration that I had is they absolutely said to me, “He just doesn’t seem like it, and we can’t articulate why.”
And I come to this poor person and I had to observe him and get a sense for how he showed up in the room.  And I will tell you the little things that we did – and I think this is the important piece of it – remember, it was about presence.  The piece that was so critical is, he just needed to show up with more power.  And so, the things that we worked on, Pete, believe it or not, was where he sat in the room, to the pacing, we looked at the way that he was dressed and the way that he delegated to people while in the room, because he was a servant-leader, he was someone who was so gracious, he was the exact kind of person that you want to be a leader, not one of these blowhard people.  But he was getting exiled because people couldn’t see how great he was.  He didn’t always deliver in his confidence.
But understanding number one, what is the culture of success?  So there’s a success profile in every organization – good, bad or indifferent.  When you look at the types of people that get the best opportunities, the people that get promoted, that move up fast – you will start to look and see patterns.  And so, where those patterns are will give you a sense for the types of attributes, leadership attributes that are valued for a success profile.  And you start to look at where are their gaps.
So, “These people always seem to be very extroverted; I tend to be very introverted.”  Now the answer is not then to change who you are.  But the answer’s to figure out how to use your strengths to deliver the same general feel.  So for this guy, who tended to be a bit introverted, and like I said, the nicest of people, to show power… There’s one version of power that bangs on the table, but we worked on showing power by granting power to others.  And so, understanding that part of how he was showing up and how it then related to how he got his goals done, we were able to get him over this hump.

Pete Mockaitis

Yeah, that’s intriguing, when you talk about the profiles of power and the patterns that show up.  I once was doing some Myers-Briggs coaching 101 for all of these rising executives at an international beverage company.  We’ll not say any names.  And it was fascinating how time and time again it was like extroversion, extroversion, extroversion was popping up.  And sometimes as part of the coaching, trying to help them see the value of different preferences and all that, I was like, “So can you think of some folks that you work with who prefer introversion?”  And some of them were like, “No.” [laugh] I was like, “Really?  This isn’t going how I expected.”  But it was startling.
Then when I did talk to a couple of those who preferred introversion, it was almost like they were in the closet.  It was like, “Oh yeah, what I really like is just to be able to think about things for a while.”  It’s so exhausting being around these folks.  And so, I think that’s interesting to highlight that explicitly.  And you said good, bad, indifferent, and I like that because at times I think you’ll notice that you may not just resonate with that.  I think I’ve seen in some organizations it’s like, “Wait a minute.  This rock star – I notice time and time again this person seems to be doing all this extra work that doesn’t really seem urgent or essential, but she just busts it out time after time after time.  And oh, there she is, getting an earlier promotion.”  It’s like, “Oh, so I guess we love that around here.”  It sort of opens your eyes there.

Terra Winston

It absolutely does, and that’s why knowing who promotes you starts to play into this.  So say I am one of those introverts in that extrovert international beverage company that you talked about.  And I feel like I need to be heard but people can’t hear me in big groups.  I may schedule one-on-ones with some of the people that are in the promotion room.  Now you don’t schedule meetings to say, “I want to talk to you so that you can say something nice about me when it comes time for promotion”, but you start to build those relationships.  You casually drop in some of the work that you’ve been doing that they may not hear about because your voice just isn’t as loud as everyone else’s.  When they get into the room they will then be able to access that.  So you play them together.

Pete Mockaitis

And so I’d love to get your take here, in terms of, this is an issue that comes up with listeners frequently – they’ll say they get feedback that they are great, they’re doing great work, they’re a top performer and all this stuff, they’re very impressive in these ways, but “Oh, unfortunately there are just no advancement opportunities available.”  So, I’d love you take, Terra, on when you hear that message, what are your options?

Terra Winston

Right.  So first, you’re totally allowed to go home and grab a drink and be really mad.  That is by far…  I grant you permission to feel that way, because I think one of the dirty little secrets about organizations is that they actually don’t exist solely to help you manage your career.  They actually are doing their business.  And so, it really is this lovely combination of, are you ready, and is there an opportunity that the company needs?  And so it can be really frustrating when those two things don’t line up.  So number one – I don’t want you to have despair.  That’s not about you.  I think sometimes we take that as a hit to ourselves.
But after you do that, whilst you’re waiting for a position to open, know that you own your career, so if you can’t get promoted in the company, you should be promoting yourself in your own role.  And this is what I mean: So a promotion is someone giving you a bigger scope, a bigger impact, bigger responsibility or a new experience.  That technically is what a promotion is.  I know we all tend to think of the extra money that comes with it, and the title.  But really, a promotion is about increasing your impact in some kind of way.  So you do that.  So talk to your manager.  Think about, “Okay, I’m working on this one project and it impacts our region.  What can I do that maybe will cross several regions, or multiple functions?  What type of additional work can I do?  Can I look at my manager’s plate and offer to take something off of that, so that I can grow my expertise?”
So you should be increasing your scope.  So basically you’re going to give yourself your own promotion.  By doing that when something else comes up – and it always will, because business changes so fast – you will have demonstrated skills, impact at the next level.  Sometimes that gap is what people believe we can do, versus what they’ve seen us do.  So you’ve already demonstrated that and made it very visible.  And by the way, even if you decide not to stay in the organization, you can then use that extra experience to parlay yourself into a promotion somewhere else.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, that’s good.  And so, I’d like to think a little bit here, do you have any pro tips sort of in the bite-sized department?  Any tips, tools, tactics, favorite scripts or key phrases, sentences you love to say or suggest to folks when they’re playing this game?

Terra Winston

So I’ve got two.  One you can use immediately and one that may take you a little bit longer.  So the first one, the quick one: “Likability is the killer app.”  It always, always is the killer app.  So we tend to work with people that we like.  We give people extra chances if we like them.  If we’ve built some type of connection, if you make a mistake I’m more likely to give you some grace for it.  I’m more likely to see your potential if I think that you’re someone that’s likable.
And what happens – we have all these wonderfully nice people when we work with them as peers, but they go into a meeting with someone who maybe has some influence, and they’re so focused on proving their credibility that they let nerves erode the personality that they have.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright, yeah.

Terra Winston

So, I work with executives and I have some executives that will call me before they go into major meetings, and we’ll just run through kind of what they need to cover.  And number one is usually, “They called you into this meeting because they know how good you are.  You just need to make them like you.”  And so, what I tend to tell anyone going into networking at all is, number one – you want them to like you, number two – you want them to think you’re smart, number three – maybe you want to stay connected.  Nothing else matters.  You don’t have to convince them to marry you on the first date, right?  So, likability is the thing that you can start today.  Let your personality shine through, let people see how great you are, and make that connection and it will take you so much further.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright, thank you.

Terra Winston

So the longer term one is actually some of the best career advice I’ve ever gotten.  I can’t take credit for it, because someone gave it to me.  And what he said to me was, “It’s always easy to stand out when you have a job or a role that does not have many peers.”  So if you think about in a typical company maybe there’s an army of accountants, or there’s HR people in every region, and all those things.
When you do really well, you have to do exceptionally well to stand out from the crowd, because everyone’s doing well.  Or you may stand out because you had a particularly bad year.  But when there’s lots of comparison points it’s really hard to stand out.  But if you’re willing to take a risk and take a role that maybe does not have as many peers… So, “I was an accountant but I’m going to work on this new turnaround.”  So it just feels different, then they don’t have as many people to compare it to.  So every victory looks like a bigger victory.

Pete Mockaitis

I love that.  And right now I’m thinking because I’m creating this course and I’m working with designers.  I’m thinking about how easily impressed I am by the output of designers, just because I’m so terrible at drawing.  I think I know what’s good when I see it, kind of, but in terms of actually if I get into Photoshop I shouldn’t be trusted with much, just like basically rearranging things symmetrically is about what you can trust me with there.
So, I’m depending on these designers and I’m just so impressed, like, “Wow!”  And I know for them it’s like, “Yeah, that took me 10 minutes.”  And so, I love that notion because, sure enough, it you are the designer amongst the accountants, or the turnaround specialist, or the keynote speaker, the coach or whatever, sort of being distinctly different from those – they are readily impressed.  And so that’s good to chew on for a little while there.

Terra Winston

It’s so good.  I wish I got there earlier in my career, but I’d now pass it on to all of you.

Pete Mockaitis

Yeah.  And at the same time, it does feel like a greater risk because I have fewer role models or potential mentors who can show me what I’m doing right or wrong, or to model from.  So that’s kind of nice – it’s like higher risk, higher reward.  But if you have some other prudent approaches to fill any potential knowledge gaps you have, then you kind of have the best of both worlds.

Terra Winston

Absolutely.  And remember, everyone that’s listening to us has a high potential.  So I guess it’s the opposite advice – if you want to sit in the middle of the pack and not have anybody make too many waves, then choose a role that has lots of peers.  It works both ways, and you get to choose the kind of life that you want.  But there is no high chance of promotion without a risk of failure.  And I will tell you that failure by itself will not stop your career.  It’s so much more about how you react, respond and recover from failure.  That is what gets you by, and if you have confidence not only in yourself willing to take the risk, but willing to know that whatever you trip up on, you can figure it out – that’s your cue to win.

Pete Mockaitis

That’s good.  Well, Terra, I’d also love to get your take, since you do that good coaching stuff, can you share what’s maybe some of the irrational stuff that we’ve got going on that can impede the promotions from happening, whether it’s lowering your beliefs, or risks not taken, or safety?  What do you see, in terms of high-performing folks, in terms of some sub-optimal stuff going on in their mind that is limiting?

Terra Winston

So confidence by far is the biggest one.  And I know we’re used to hearing that all the time, but what I see is people devalue those things that come easy to them.  And so, rather than saying, “Hey, this is a core strength of mine.  Let me use this and show up in my core strength”, we then discount: “Oh well, if I did that and it was so easy, it must not have been a big deal.”  And we don’t showcase it.  So we then spend all our time on some of the things that may not be our towering strengths, because we’re trying to overcome our weaknesses.  And so what you end up doing is discounting the places where you’re a superstar, amplifying the places where you might be average.  And that’s never been the key to promoting yourself.
I think another piece of it is we struggle with this balance between humility and arrogance and self-promotion.  We are now so busy in organizations that there is not one person, including your direct manager, who knows all of what you do.  And so if you don’t find a way to tell them, then it’s very easy for your great accomplishments to be drowned out by even mediocre accomplishments by someone else who’s out there screaming from the rooftops, “Look what I did, look what I did.”  And at times it can really feel like an internal distress.
When I worked at a large international beverage company myself, and I did work in diversity, I would work with some of the groups who would say, “Terra, culturally growing up from the time when I was young, I was told not to boast about myself.  We have a collective community focus.  You don’t stand out.  But then I come to Corporate America”, or Corporate Western Europe, or Corporate Anywhere at this point, “And you keep telling me that I’m supposed to stand up and put a spotlight on myself and scream about how great I am.  I can’t get over that voice in my gut – my grandmother’s voice that’s telling me that that’s the wrong thing to do.  So am I destined just to not get what I deserve?”  And answer is no.  You find your own way, and that’s again looking at your strengths.  If certain people need to know what you do, can you go in and teach a lunch-and-learn?  Can you mentor someone?  Can you find other ways to get your name out there, so that people know what you do?
So I can give you an example.  Believe it or not, I found myself in one of those Infamous elevator pitch moments.  There was someone who was my boss’s boss’s boss’s boss adjacent.  So someone very senior from me, and I was in the Human Resources team.  And there was a big movement going on around organization design.  And so now I find myself alone in an elevator with this person, and either I can shrink in the back and hopefully fade into the woodwork, or I can step up.
And what I said to this person… I happened to, when I was in a consulting firm, I’d worked on the organization design methodology.  And so I said to this very senior person, “Heard the town hall, glad we’re doing work in this area.  I actually did some work back when I was at a consulting firm.  If you ever want, I can get some of the information to your assistant, in case you need it.”  And so by being of service, the senior person, A) knew my name, B) knew I had a background in consulting and I’d done some design work and I was going to follow up with information.  So find ways to kind of bring some visibility to it.  And a lot of times high-potential people are very confident in that the good work will be noticed.  And unfortunately people are so busy they don’t always notice it.

Pete Mockaitis

Right, thank you.  Well, that’s powerful stuff.  Thank you.  Well, tell us – is there anything else you want to make sure to mention before we shift gears and hear about some of your favorite things?

Terra Winston

No, I think that’s it.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, cool.  Well then, can you share with us a favorite quote, something you find inspiring?

Terra Winston

Okay, so I have a favorite quote but I feel like it’s everybody’s favorite quote.  And it’s the one from Marianne Williamson, the fact that “Our deepest fear is not that we’re inadequate.  Our deepest fear is that we’re powerful beyond measure.”  And it speaks to me because I used to be so introverted, and it is what governs the coaching work that I do.  It’s so often the thing that is the key to people’s absolute phenomenal success, is something hiding behind their fear.  And so, when we get to work together and we get to identify – again, it’s like a stone standing in the way of this raging river of potential.  And we can knock that fear aside.  I’ve seen people, I’ve seen businesses, I’ve seen teams flourish.

Pete Mockaitis

Awesome, thank you.  And how about a favorite study or experiment or a piece of research?

Terra Winston

There was a study that talks about the power of loose networks.  And so what it said was, if you want to create more opportunity in your life, it is not your closest friends and closest associates that will bring it; it actually is that next level, if you think of your network as concentric circles.
And the reason why is because your closest friends that you spend time with – they are everywhere where you are.  If there was something they heard about, they would’ve told you already.  Whereas the next level out of people, who are in other bubbles, as we now call it – they have an opportunity to see things and channel them to you.  So that had been a study that absolutely comes up again and again, until about two months ago.  I did some research; I was curious if it was still adequate, if anyone had updated that survey and the study.  And I found out that they had.
And that was true, kind of early Internet days, when the challenge was visibility to opportunity.  Now with the way that the Internet is, we actually have ways to see more and more of things that were probably hidden in pockets.  Now, I still stand by that the power of loose ties is still relevant, but what the newest studies have actually circulated is that we now live in a world where you can see everybody, but you don’t know who’s legit.  I can look at your LinkedIn profile, but how do I know who I can spend time, money and energy on?
And so now there’s a rising importance of the power of former coworkers, or people that not just are loose in your network, but they have personal experience of your work.  That is where the credibility factor lies, and now the issue isn’t as much information transparency; it’s credibility. So how are you leveraging those networks, I think is the next level, of what we need to do better.

Pete Mockaitis

Thank you.  How about a favorite book?

Terra Winston

Right now I am in love with The Power of Moments by Chip and Dan Heath.  The book talks about what is it that makes any given moment special.  And that could be a moment in customer service, that could be creating the best family vacation experience.  Why do certain things stand out in our minds, and other things kind of wash away with the sands of time?  And so, we now hear people say we live in an experience economy, where it’s not about the stuff, it’s about the things that you do.  And I think we’re on overload so much, those of us who learn how to create moments are going to be the winners.

Pete Mockaitis

Thank you.  And how about a favorite tool, something that helps you be awesome at your job?

Terra Winston

My tool is a person.

Pete Mockaitis

I won’t tell that person that you think he or she is a tool.

Terra Winston

That was the wrong way to put it.  She’s going to kill me because she’s going to listen to this.  I have the most amazing virtual assistant.  And I think the virtual assistant services is something that many budding entrepreneurs don’t necessarily get very early.  But having someone that has my back makes a big difference.  And so I want translate for those of you guys that are working in companies and maybe are like, “Well Terra, I don’t have an assistant necessarily for my team.”
But having someone that you can bounce ideas off of, someone that you can sit down and talk about what your priorities are, whoever that person is – my virtual assistant plays that role; she’s actually my chief of staff for my business.  And so I think everyone needs someone that they can be fully themselves and with their guard down, someone that will give them the kind of feedback, but that is not a risk of it being from maybe an evaluation prospective.  And having a right hand in that way is phenomenal, and anyone and everyone should have one.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, thank you.  And how about a favorite habit, something that helps you flourish?

Terra Winston

So, “networking” is one of those words that I actually ban a bunch of my clients from saying, because it dredges up all these feelings for people who aren’t necessarily extroverts or who just don’t love networking.  So I’m a big believer in making authentic connections, and that can be with anybody.  And one of the things that I always do at the end of connecting with someone is I ask them what I can do to bring them closer to their dreams.  And it could be, what do you need in your regular life, it could be a career thing that you have, maybe you just need the perfect pound cake recipe.  Why not ask?

Pete Mockaitis

I need it, Terra.

Terra Winston

You need it so bad.  But we are terrible at asking for help.  And so often times, the number of times that what you voice is something that I have access to.  Now I may not, but how would you know if you don’t ask?  And so, rather than forcing someone to ask, I take it upon myself to ask them.

Pete Mockaitis

And let’s hear that question one more time.

Terra Winston

So, “How can I bring you closer to your dreams?”

Pete Mockaitis

I like that.  It sounds better than, “How can I make your dreams come true?”, because it’s like, “Are you hitting on me right now?”  But it’s still succinct – okay, I like that.  And it’s a little bit more… I think it inspires more imagination than, “How can I be helpful to you?”  So I like that.

Terra Winston

Exactly, because people always need help.

Pete Mockaitis

That’s good.  And sometimes it might just be like, “You know what?  I want to have grass in my backyard, and I don’t know who to help me.”  It’s like, “Oh, I know a guy.”  And sure enough, the networking is happening, relationships strengthen and build.

Terra Winston

Mm-hmm.

Pete Mockaitis

That’s good.  Okay, thank you.  And tell us, is there a particular nugget you share that tends to really connect, resonate with folks and gets quoted back to you?

Terra Winston

Yes.  So, there’s a bunch of them; some of them are not for G-rating.  You guys have to work with me as a coach and I’ll give you some of the ones… We have a good time, with me and my clients.  But no, one that actually is really fundamental for me is, “Stop living someone else’s life.”  It’s so easy to live your life based on a set of “Should’s”: “This is what I should have” or, “I’m supposed to be promoted.”  “Why?”  “Well, because that’s what you do next.”
Do you want that job?  Do you have other dreams? Is this job that you’re doing right now, does it exist solely for you to save money to start that business that you want to do, or to move halfway across the world and live life as a nomad?  Well, if that’s the case, then does a promotion get you any closer, or is it just speaking to something that you feel like you’re on auto-pilot for?  And the number of times when we stop and really ask ourselves, “Is this what I really want?” – the answer is, “No, but I don’t know what else I’m supposed to have.”  So stop living someone else’s life.  Live yours – you only have one.

Pete Mockaitis

Thank you.  And if folks want to learn more or get in touch, Terra, where would you point them?

Terra Winston

Please, I love connecting with new people.  I am at TerraWinston on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram, because I’m not that creative with my names.  So I just use my name everywhere I go.  Come to my website, inTerractions.com.  We post information, and get connected – I would love to find out how I can help you towards your dreams too.

Pete Mockaitis

And do you have a final challenge or call to action you’d issue to folks seeking to be awesome at their jobs?

Terra Winston

Absolutely.  So, for those of you in your jobs – if you do nothing else, nothing else today – go to your list of annual goals.  And I want you to identify the three – no more than three – that are the most valued by your manager.  Now remember, we talked about the ways that you can tell, but stop looking at everything on your to-do list as having equal value to the people around you.  So, go through, identify what are the top priorities, and then figure out how do you manage your discretionary energy in a way that gets you where you want to go.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright.  Terra, thank you so much for sharing this.  Excellent stuff.  Hopefully there will be many promotions birthed from this conversation.  And I wish you lots of luck in all you’re up to!

Terra Winston

Thank you, Pete, I absolutely had a blast.  This is a great podcast.

280: How to Become the CEO Next Door with Kimberly Powell

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Kim Powell says: "Engage for impact rather than affinity."

Kim Powell of ghSMART shares research insights from her book, The CEO Next Door, and misconceptions, patterns, and best practices in improving your odds of ascent.

You’ll Learn:

  1. Where likability can help you–and hurt you.
  2. The 4 critical behaviors linked to successful CEOs
  3. Brilliant CEO tactics to accelerate your decision-making

About Kim

Kim Powell is a Principal at ghSMART. She serves leading Fortune 500 senior executives, private equity firms and non-profit leaders in the areas of management assessment, leadership coaching and organizational change. She co-leads ghSMART’s research on first time CEOs and is passionate about supporting leaders in accelerating their effectiveness in new roles.

Items Mentioned in this Show:

Kim Powell Interview Transcript

Pete Mockaitis
Kim, thanks so much for joining us here on the How To Be Awesome At Your Job podcast.

Kim Powell

Thanks for having me.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, I learned a little bit about you and that you one time played a championship football game in the Notre Dame Stadium. What’s the story behind this?

Kim Powell

Yeah, strange factoid, right? Most people are familiar with Notre Dame’s obsession, if you will, with American football, but it may be less well-known that the participation rate in intramural football on campus is extremely high. So, I didn’t know how to catch a ball before I started college, and got roped into my intramural team, and we had a fabulous team. So the championships were at the Notre Dame Stadium, we played like the regular football team, we had a mascot and cheerleaders. And three out of my four years won the championship, and I have a bag of grass before they moved the turf somewhere, somewhere in a box in the back of my closet. But yeah, it was a fun experience.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, that is cool, yes. Well, my wife went to Notre Dame, and that’s always a little bit of a joke – it’s like, “How do you know if someone went to Notre Dame?”

Kim Powell

They probably have it plastered on their clothing, they are watching football every Saturday, yeah. Something that was a surprise to me, but certainly the collegiality of the game and the willingness to take someone who couldn’t catch and turn them into a wide receiver and a kicker – that was fun. It was a good experience.

Pete Mockaitis

That is cool. And so, speaking of experience, you’ve got loads of it over at ghSMART. And we interviewed a colleague of yours, Randy Street, from there, way back in episode 30. So for those who are newer listeners and didn’t catch that one, what is your company all about?

Kim Powell

Yes, ghSMART is a leadership advisory business. So, the core of what we do is assessing senior leaders. And in an assessment what we are doing is looking for the fit of a given leader to a particular job experience or job situation. I personally spend most of my time supporting boards and selecting CEOs, as well as CEOs and selecting their teams.
And we’ve branched out probably since you spoke with Randy, so a good, I would say half, 60% of our business is that core helping on key talent decisions. And the rest we branched out to do more broader leadership development, CEO succession, I do quite a bit of my work in the private equity space, supporting on human capital diligence prior to deal close. So we’ve certainly grown a little bit, I think, since episode 30.

Pete Mockaitis

Yes. Well, that’s so cool. And so have we. And I always love it when there is a rich, rich research base behind the stuff that you’re doing. So first maybe, while we’re talking about fit, I would love to hear in broad strokes how you think about that onto the macro-level, because I imagine you can break it down into numerous competencies and indicators and cultural parameters. But how do you think about a fit, because sometimes the word “fit” is really just a euphemism for “He or she didn’t do a good job. It wasn’t a good fit.” But you mean something different.

Kim Powell

Yes, yes. So, critical and I guess core to our methodology is what we call “first developing a score card”. And this is really sitting down with the board of directors, or the CEO, or the hiring manager in some cases, and stepping back to say, “What are the critical, call it 5 to 10 key outcomes that absolutely have to be delivered for you to have a smile on your face, that this role was successful?” And we get pretty granular to articulate what those outcomes are. Ideally a good chunk of them are measurable in quantitative ways, and we also get into how those outcomes need to be delivered.
And in that way we get into some of culturally what things work, what things don’t work, what are most likely the biggest reasons why someone might fail at a given role. And then what we do is, in that 4 to 5-hour behaviorally-based assessment we sit down and go through the entire career history, including education in the early years for the various candidates, and we’re looking for behavioral patterns. What we want to see is an individual who has operated in similar context and delivered a similar rate, size, pace of outcomes that this particular role is expecting, to define success.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, understood.

Kim Powell

Yeah, and obviously to your comment, it’s not just, “Hey, they just didn’t work out” or, “I didn’t enjoy working with them.” It’s we’re really looking for somebody who has a high probability of delivering – if it’s expanding international growth by 30% by opening the doors to two new countries, for example. We would be looking for behavioral patterns and underpinnings where they’ve done that in the past in different contexts, they have exhibited the agility, call it cross-culturally – those types of things.
To sit down with then the hiring manager and say, “Look, in these contexts they’ve successfully done it, or in these contexts they haven’t”, and guide them towards making choices where you’re putting people in situations where their strengths can come to life, and you’re identifying early potential developmental areas that could hinder them from success. And a lot of the conversations, what can you do to put the right supports in place, whether that be other people and their team, whether that be types of measurements, whether that be development, coaching, on-the-job training, that will help this individual increase the probability of delivering on those outcomes?

Pete Mockaitis

Understood. Well, that sounds like a ton of fun. That just sounds like a cool job to have.

Kim Powell

I was going to say, the best part is I get to hear these fascinating stories. And it’s really incredible to be a witness to people’s amazing accomplishments and how they address setbacks and how they bounce back from that. And you do really quickly start to see some patterns of success, which the reality is, we gather things that go really well, we gather a lot of things that don’t go well, and we hear how people talk and internalize and approach that.
And for me stepping in almost five years ago, it was fascinating that we had not adequately, in my opinion, taken full advantage of this amazing assessment dataset. So, I’d done writing and research in my background in strategy consulting, and I stepped in and said, “This is a rich, rich opportunity to mine this data in a way that could be really useful for aspiring leaders, managers out in the world.”
And teamed up with one of my colleagues who had that same intention, and started supporting a research effort, which we call the CEO Genome Project – how do we decode what makes a CEO. And conducted a bunch of research over a number of years, and ultimately delivered some insights that we thought were worthwhile, telling on a broader stage. So hence the idea of, maybe we should write a book. But it was really after already uncovering some interesting nuggets that we thought would really be useful for aspiring leaders, and only then did we decide to embark on the marathon of putting it to paper.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, and put it to paper you did, and the book is called The CEO Next Door. And by the way, excellent title. It harkens to The Millionaire Next Door, which is one of my favorite books – full of insights and counter-intuitive, data-driven goodies. And you delivered some of these within this work. So can you share, what are some of your central findings here?

Kim Powell

Yeah. And before I go there – to the title. Actually one of the things that sparked the desire to write this book was, in our assessment work over the years, we realized what we were seeing in amazing leaders didn’t necessarily match up with if you pull your latest Fortune, Forbes, name, your article about leadership and you get this portrait publicly in the media of this pantheon of charisma, amazing strategist, flitting from Davos to the next multi-cultural summit of talent. You just get this picture that they’re larger than life, and an iconic, kind of heroic set of leadership skills and capabilities.
And that does not match up with what we’ve seen or what I’ve experienced, what we’ve experienced as a firm. And when you dig into the covers and you get closer to these real CEOs, the CEOs if go beyond the Fortune 500, which usually is what’s profiled out there, and look at the 2 million CEOs over, call it a size of over 5, 10-people companies – you realize they’re real humans that make mistakes, that do also amazing things, but they feel much more accessible.
And the closer you get, the more it opens that possibility for more of us to aspire to larger platforms of leadership, or we can amplify our positive impact on the world. And that was really the kind of purpose-driven, I guess, motivator for the book for me, was unlocking that. If I could transmit that opportunity to more people, I think we would have a larger base of leaders out there wanting to change the world. And I feel like we could use that right now.

Pete Mockaitis

Oh, I love that. That is inspiring, and it’s so true when you talk about the myth, or the kind of picture of what you think of when you see a CEO. I just chuckle a little bit whenever I see those magazine or Shark Tank. It’s like all of them, they love to fold their arms in front of them, I’ve noticed. That’s like the CEO super powerful, “This is what I look like”, ooh, like you’re a superhero.
And yet I remember when I was at Bain, the very first time I was in a meeting with a CEO of a billion plus dollar company, I thought, “Oh my gosh, it’s the CEO. I’m going to be in the same room.” I was so sort of excited and nervous and curious what this sort of mythical person would be like. And then he just listened very well and carefully to all the things we were sharing, and just asked the most fundamental of questions like, “Does this number include the benefits or just salary? The benefits, okay.” It was like, “Oh, he’s just a normal guy.” [laugh]

Kim Powell

It’s so true. In our research what we found is… We interviewed about 100 CEOs, just to compliment the quantitative research that we did, and to bring the stories to life. And what we found is 70% of them did not know they wanted to be CEO until typically the role just before, or potentially two roles before CEO. When they got close enough to work directly with the CEO and see what it is actually like when you start to break down those myths a little bit and see reality, and they realized, “Huh, maybe I could do this. And maybe this is something I would be interested in.”
And so, yeah, it’s something where you think people are destined for these roles, and the reality is, it’s not true. Back to your original question on the main themes – one of the main themes is the behaviors we saw that differentiated high-performing CEOs were all buildable. I mean they’re all buildable muscles. The things that popped out of the exploratory, quantitative research were not intrinsic things that you are born with; they’re things that these leaders honed over time, and they’re muscles that you can build. They’re not easy – it’s not like it’s a walk in the park – but I was really encouraged to see that these are things that you can practice and get better at. So that was one of the key themes or key findings.
The second is what gets you hired is not necessarily what drives performance. I guess it’s not surprising; we know there are biases in the hiring process – that’s certainly well-chronicled. But it came through in our research as well. And obviously the last thing we’ve talked about is just this – the role is more accessible if you kind of increase the aperture and look at a broader representation of CEOs. And our data said it extends across sizes, across industry sectors, it is much more representative of the CEO next door, as opposed to the Fortune 500. And so in that you do see that the myth isn’t necessarily reality, when you get closer to the C.

Pete Mockaitis

This is intriguing. So, let’s talk about each of those a bit. You mentioned they’re all buildable muscles. And recently we had Gary Burnison from Korn Ferry on the show, and I was so intrigued to get his take as I’m a kind of dork who will plum through their For Your Improvement competency matrix, and note that I’m so intrigued by how they’ve cataloged some competencies are much harder to develop than others. And I asked Gary to put a little bit of a context on that, and he said perhaps 200 times harder than others to develop. And so, I’d love to get your take on, when you talk about they’re buildable, but it’s challenging – just how challenging?

Kim Powell

Yeah, these fall into the middle set, I would say. The things that are really immutable that are hard to change are obviously the stuff like basic IQ capabilities. I mean, there is work out there that says that’s shapeable at some level, but man, that’s really hard to fundamentally change that. And again, some of this is how much are we looking to change, and how much do you need to change to be effective for what you want to do.
In this conversation we’re going to define success as growing in your role, but success doesn’t have to be CEO. They’re plenty of successful people who are not in that role that I admire. So, I do think it also depends on how much you need to improve to be effective. And I would say the four behaviors, just to call them out, that were statistically significantly different for high-performing CEOs compared to low-performing CEOs, were decisiveness – and this was all around the speed and conviction at which you make decisions, not necessarily be perfect or right or fully correct on all of your decisions.
The second was adaptiveness – your ability to change personally, as well as drive change and adapt your organization to the needs of the market and the shifting consumer or competitive context. The third is reliable delivery – so this is the ability to consistently deliver against expectations. And the last is engaging for results – and this is really about your ability to manage a very diverse and increasingly diverse stakeholder set, and moving them in an aligned fashion towards a common goal, which is really obviously tricky and gets more tricky as you grow in an organization.
So those are the four. These four behaviors all fall in the spectrum of changeable, and you can certainly improve, but it requires a significant focus. It’s like the Ben Franklin, pick a given trait, work on it relentlessly, build a new habit – and there’s plenty of work out there about how you build a new habit. But it takes that level of focus. It’s not something technical; for example communication skills – you get some guidance on how to structure a presentation, get video, get some feedback, you can improve more easily. I would put that as the “easy” category.
These are things that I think because of the nature of them, require very discreet focus because you’re making decisions at every moment. And you can practice and build better behaviors at every moment, but it’s not as simple as going to a training class, if that makes sense. I don’t know how that meshes with what you’ve heard before, but that’s why I would describe them as “changeable”, which is really encouraging. But it’s not easy; you’ve got to really focus on it.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay. So let’s talk about each of the four there. Now, let’s kind of fast forward a bit.

Kim Powell

Yeah, sure.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, very cool. So I’d love to chat about each of those four. But first, Kim, can you tell us a bit about that point that what gets you hired doesn’t drive performance?

Kim Powell

Yeah, of course. So we gathered outcome data around who was hired and not hired. We also gathered, did they exceed performance expectations, meet or not meet. And what we found is those buildable muscles, those four behaviors that matter, were all correlated with high performance, but only one of them was actually correlated with what gets you hired, interestingly. And that was reliable delivery.
In our conversations we also talked to board members; we reviewed a suite of 70 CEO firings, so we spoke with the board to get underneath what drove that. And really what you hear is, reliable delivery clearly is important in delivering performance, but it’s also something that exudes safety in the process of hiring. If you’re someone who has met or exceeded expectations across your career, managed that effectively, put in rhythms, cadences, etcetera for your organization to deliver – you are someone who’s going to make the board feel very safe. And they feel very nervous in that critical decision around who should lead the company. And so safety is something that you can play to by ensuring reliable delivery.
The thing that did pop out that is a big driver of getting you hired, but is not correlated with high performance, is likeability. So the warmth and energy you exude in the interviews really matters. And if you combine that with the safety of reliable delivery, you end up as an individual that the board wants to back. So, while being likeable doesn’t help you deliver results – we have to do a little HBR – a little piece around being too nice can get you in trouble. Being very likeable in an interview does work to your advantage; at least that’s what the data would say.

Pete Mockaitis

Now that’s so intriguing, Kim. And I’m trying to be nice and I think I’m often likeable, and so I’m wondering, is it sort of no correlation or a negative correlation, like I’d be better off if I’m a little meaner?

Kim Powell

Well, it depends if you want to get hired or if you want to perform.

Pete Mockaitis

Perform.

Kim Powell

I would say the trick… There’s nothing right or wrong about being nice. The trick is… I think what we’ve seen and what we wrote about in that piece was, individuals who prioritize affiliation, who are motivated to affiliate, who define success as being liked by all, are unlikely to make the difficult calls when you are by definition going to disappoint a given stakeholder, group or individual.
There are natural tensions in a business always, between manufacturing and sales, I mean you could fill them in. There are always natural tensions and you as a leader of an organization are having to make difficult calls that won’t make everyone happy. And by definition humans don’t like to change. If you’re trying to improve your organization – again, there’s going to be resistance to that. And you cannot have as your primary goal affiliation and achieve the level of progress that is likely demanded by your shareholders, or whatever your governing structure.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright, noted. Point taken, thank you. So, I think we hit the point about the role is more accessible pretty well. So let’s talk a bit about these buildable muscles. So, decisiveness, adaptiveness, reliable delivery and engaging for results – could you give us maybe a picture for, first of all, what does “great” look like, versus “okay”? Because I think sometimes many people would say, “Yeah, I’m decisive, sure. I deliver reliably.” And so, I have a feeling though you’ve got a clearer picture on what “great” really looks like here.

Kim Powell

Yeah, yeah. Fundamentally – and I can’t underscore this enough, because this was the real insight and surprise for us – decisiveness is about speed and not about perfectionism and ensuring you have gathered the nth degree of data, that you are 99.5% sure that this is the right direction. The really good decisiveness looks like willingness to move with 60% of the data. It looks like willingness to push decisions down when you recognize they are not a CEO-level decision, or fill in your level of leader decision. You streamline what you are deciding so that others in your organization can speed up, make quicker decisions, and not everything is being elevated, for example.
The other litmus test that you see in really decisive leaders is, they really have a way of cutting through the noise, which helps them speed up their decision-making. And the way that they do this is really having a very crystal-clear picture of value drives in their business and they have almost like an inherent formula in their head: “These things matter, these other things don’t.” They’re very relentless about focusing on what matters and they understand the things that will move the needle, and they focus their decisions there.
A couple of leaders I really loved speaking with, they talked about continuously asking certain questions of themselves. One of the leaders of a tech business told me, she said, “Look, if I sensed that I was struggling with a call, if I had to make it in the next 30 seconds, what would it be? And 9 times out of 10 I would push myself to just do it.”
Another leader said, he’s like, “I tested myself with two questions. The first is articulating what is the downside of getting this decision wrong? And weighing that with, how much am I going to slow others down by delaying my decision here?” And he’s like, “By thinking about those two dimensions, I was able to push myself to move forward, even if it made me uncomfortable that I wasn’t 100% sure.”
And I think they recognized that they were setting the pace and the cadence of the organization. So if they’re slow, if they’re asking for their 100-page analysis – the reality is the organization is going to adapt those behaviors. And so it’s not just yourself; it’s actually the signal and the ripple effect that you’re sending throughout your organization.

Pete Mockaitis

Kim, that’s dead on, thank you. Please, unpack the others just like this.

Kim Powell

Yeah, yeah. So, let’s tackle “adapt”. This one’s really.. I was least surprised about this, just given the amount of writing out there. And I should have noted when we did the exploratory research with SaaS, they actually unleashed text-based analytics on our data, as our data’s text, which frankly we couldn’t have done 10 years ago, because they’ve progressed so much.
But what we did is said, “Here’s the outcome data, here’s the text-based data. Have at it, apply your models.” They do all the predictive fraud analytics for credit card companies, they have really fascinating, for a separate conversation, tools that they can apply. But they did exploratory research. We did not say, “Hey, go prove that adaptive behaviors are important.” They actually came back to us, and that’s why we were so surprised with some of these things.
But of those surprises this was least surprising. I think his name is Richard Foster of Yale, he did a piece of work that showed the lifespan of leading companies has shrunk to less than half. I think it was from 60-something years to 20-something years over the last couple of decades. Just the pace of what is happening in the market right now demands a level of adaptation that just wasn’t there for the prior generation.
So this I don’t think is very surprising, but really two elements, or two litmus tests, I would say, that I saw in very adaptive leaders. The first is that they had an openness, self-awareness and willingness to change personally. They were really humble to recognize that they do not know what they need to know, almost across the board. And so what you found is a willingness to let go of past behaviors and practices, even if they had been successful.
They were really good about proactively thinking about “What can destroy my business?” What about personally my behaviors that have led me to this place but may not lead me to the next ambitious goal?” And so they’re willing to let go of… … the book, “What got you here won’t get you there.” These leaders practice that, and it’s a really difficult thing to do. So that’s one litmus test, is willing to let go of what got you to the seat, essentially, and relentlessly question that.
The second is, they adapt more of a future-orientation. So you see these leaders really embodying… There’s no one else thinking 10 to 15 years in the future, most likely, other than the CEO. And so they don’t give up time with the customers; they double the amount of time they are thinking one, two, five years out, compared to the amount of time they spent looking out to the future in the role before CEO. So you see them shifting their attention to a longer
timeframe when they get into the C. So those are a couple of things to call out on adaptiveness.

Pete Mockaitis

Got it, thanks.

Kim Powell

Yeah. And then reliable delivery – this is the most boring one; however it is actually I think the most important – if you look at leaders who did this were 15 times more likely to be in the high-performance group. So it was a really strong behavior and it also helps you get hired. So, it’s boring but it’s important.
And essentially to deliver reliably, there’s a couple of things I’d unpack here. The first is these leaders are really good about setting expectations, as opposed to letting expectations get set for them. So they are actually very proactive and front foot around anticipating and setting expectations of those around you. And that’s important to note because as a CEO you have a board – call it, I don’t know, somewhere between 4 and 15, some public boards are way more – individuals coming from a different seat, with a different set of goals, a different set of expectations. And the CEOs who are successful really actively spend time setting an aligned set of expectations for performance, in a way that allows them to deliver. And this is not a one-and-done; they do it over time as the context changes.
So I remember talking with a board member who was really frustrated with his CEO, and I was like, “Wait, I saw the original value-creation plan – he hit that.” And the board member said, “Yeah, but the market changed. It actually opened up and this happened to this competitor, they went away. It actually should have been bigger.”
And that dissonance between changing expectations created friction and frankly sucked up time and was unproductive for the CEO to deal with on the board. And had they been ahead of that and proactively shaped that, they could have minimized the friction and transaction cost.
The other element to reliable delivery is, I think more the mundane one, which is these leaders try to show up consistently and build consistent expectations into their organization, and this removes ambiguity. So for people who are operating day-to-day, if you are working for a leader who you don’t know, “Is Jekyll or Hyde is going to show up today?, “Is your expectation to the questions you ask of my P&L going to be different than they have been the last month?” – it is hard to operate affectively. You’re constantly guessing, you’re in a world of ambiguity, it does not lead to your highest performance.
And so these leaders recognized showing up consistently removes some of that ambiguity for the team, and the clearer they can set expectations – they use score cards, they use metrics, they give clear feedback, they hold people accountable – and if that’s consistent, the organization operates at a higher performance level and a higher capacity than they would otherwise.

Pete Mockaitis

Right, makes sense.

Kim Powell

So a couple of things there, yeah. And the last one is engaging for results, and as I mentioned this is really around, “How do I herd the cats to a given bowl of food?”, in the simplest way. And the cats all want to go in different directions, and some like mice and some like chicken – I’m making this up. But basically you do need to spend the time with the important stakeholders, whether that be key leaders, key regulators, key industry titans, key board members, to really gain their perspective.
And often times there’s a lot out there around how you empathize, you imagine what it’s like in someone’s shoes. Actually these leaders are actively asking questions and getting the perspective directly from the individuals at hand. They’re not imagining; they’re asking smart questions and listening, and they’re using that intelligence and understanding of that individual or a group of individuals’ goals to harness that knowledge and move them towards a given intent.
They have a goal for most interactions, they know what they’re trying to get or where they’re trying to get to or where they’re trying to move this group or individual to, and they’re very deliberate about using the individual’s motivations and ambitions, knowing very clearly what the intent is, and then putting rhythms into the business or into those relationships that move those stakeholders forward in an aligned fashion.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay. And you mentioned a part of that in the book there is that there’s some conflict, some differences of opinion about what’s best in what stakeholder over another, and how do they navigate that well?

Kim Powell

Yeah. Well, sometimes they don’t – we could talk about a bunch of examples of that. But when they do, they are very good at… Again, it kind of links back to expectation-setting. They’re very good at listening, gathering input, understanding goals and finding other ways to move individuals towards that goal, and logically explain why this is best for the enterprise overall. They have an ability to link it to, “What’s in it for me”, me being the person sitting across the table from them. And they have an ability to make it relevant to that individual or group’s context.
And that requires really listening, not just imagining the goals, imagining the context. They have to really understand that stakeholder group or individual and find a way to translate the goals into something that’s meaningful, that’s in it for that party. And that does not mean not being disappointed, but it does mean being logical, transparent, setting expectations and delivering, and linking it to some sort of objective of that party.

Pete Mockaitis

Understood. Well, that’s a nice lineup there. And so, in addition to these keys, you mention some handicaps and career catapults. Could you maybe comment on one of each of those?

Kim Powell

Yeah, yeah. There are some other fun analytics we did on the data. The hidden handicaps are really around what can stop you from getting the job that you want, and there’s some basic… I would call these “linguistic” or “superficial” factors that we saw, that have little or nothing to do with what it takes to perform as a CEO, but can trigger biases in the interview process.

Pete Mockaitis

Oh, sounds like a quick win. What are they?

Kim Powell

Yeah, so a couple that I’ll call out – one is using pretentious language or kind of ivory tower, elevated affectation, like using too big a word, not being down to earth – actually hinders you and hurts you in the hiring process. So, the more snooty you sound, the less likely you are to be hired. The other one we saw, which I took to heart, being a former management consultant – the more platitudes, consultantese and acronyms you use, the less likely you are to be hired. So, all those consultants out there – be wary of the consultantese when you are going for CEO roles.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, noted. So we can just cut those out. And it’s funny because people kind of become attached to them; it’s like the platitudes are their friends, or sort of comforting. And in a way – that’s a whole another conversation – I think they’re comforting because they give a little bit of an umbrella of ambiguity. So they’re less kind of conflicted.

Kim Powell

Precise. They’re not specific. And exactly – they play it safe and as a result they’re not precise or specific, and that I think is what really triggers the reaction. The more precise and specific and down to earth you can be, the more safety you exude. The more ambiguous, amorphous, hard to pin down – that does not elicit a sense of safety by your interviewer, if that makes sense. They’re not sure what they’re going to get, I guess, is the way to say it.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, and I love it when it’s dirt simple, like, “Customers don’t like this. We need to change that.” There it is!

Kim Powell

Yeah, versus the, “Well, we leveraged this and created amplitude in that.” What? What did you do? [laugh] Yeah, and then some of the basics came through that I think everybody is aware of, but the more meaningful numbers you can use, the better. You want to be memorable and relevant, was what we found.
And so, if you’re coming from an organization that’s not well-known, you don’t have it in with the organization to the extent that you have what we call “bona-fides”, but if there are ways to articulate a stamp of approval from somebody who’s respected by the organization you’re hiring or interviewing for, finding those connections and then being memorable and relevant, and numeric where you can, in terms of your impact and what you’ve done in the past, are all good things to file away for your next job interview.

Pete Mockaitis

Yeah, I completely agree and I see that. I’ve coached many people on their resumes and it makes a world of difference between just saying “improved” to “cut $20 million improved”. It’s like, “Oh, okay.” It’s sort of night and day. And I even see that myself. I was buying paper today and it’s like, “I don’t know what paper to get. Give me the numbers that show it’s great – the thickness, the brightness, the whiteness. Okay, that’s a good paper.” And I think it’s the same for humans – even though we’re hard to quantify, we want something that gives us that comfort, like, “This person has what it takes.”

Kim Powell

Yes. And even better, cutting 20 million in cost off a base of 100 million, versus off a base of a billion – actually means something different to me. And I want to see that you can cut it out of 100 million, ideally in a sustainable way, or in a way that predecessors haven’t done. So I also think sharing some of that context, like why do these numbers actually matter, why are they great, is also really important.

Pete Mockaitis

Excellent. Well, Kim, tell me – is there anything else you want to make sure to mention before we shift gears and hear about a couple of your favorite things?

Kim Powell

Well, I think I would just say, for everybody who wants to be awesome at their job, don’t just accept any role. Pick the right role for your strengths and your skills and your values. One of the myths that we bust in here in this book is, there’s really no, we call it the “all-weather” CEO. The reality is I’ve met fabulous, really great leaders, that wouldn’t be great in the context for which we were making a hiring decision. And it doesn’t mean they are not a great leader; it just means that that wouldn’t be a good fit for them, for what the job needed relative to their skillset. So, be choosy and be thoughtful about where you can be at your best.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay, excellent. Well now, Kim, can you share with us a favorite quote, something you find inspiring?

Kim Powell

Ooh, I’ve got one actually from my 10-year old daughter, if that’s okay. Her quote is, “You can still taste when you take small bites”, which has been a philosophical quote – it became philosophical for me around how much do I bite off career-wise, how much do I bite off in terms of my calendar and schedule? And the reality is I can still taste performance, success, impact, even if I take small bites.

Pete Mockaitis

I love it, thank you.

Kim Powell

So, not a famous quote, but it’s important to me.

Pete Mockaitis

Oh, that’s fun, thank you. And how about a favorite book?

Kim Powell

Oh, I’ve got a lot. I think I saw somewhere that maybe you’ve had your first child.

Pete Mockaitis

Yes.

Kim Powell

So I’ll call out two. One is called NurtureShock – I think it’s by Po Bronson and Ashley Merryman – data-based research on parenting – so that could be up your alley. The other one, I have a 10-year old girl… There’s a great book called Untangled by Lisa Damour, who again – data-based research on how to navigate the teen years. And then I would say from a business perspective, I love (Growth) Mindset by Carol Dweck.

Pete Mockaitis

Right, thank you. And how about a favorite tool, something that helps you be awesome at your job?

Kim Powell

So, I use an app called Strides, which is I think originally an exercise app, but you can customize your goals. I’m very goal-driven and I use it to track nights away from my family. So, if a particular week is horrible I can zoom out and look at it by month, by quarter, by year, and realize I’m actually still on track.

Pete Mockaitis

Oh, cool. And how about a favorite habit, a personal practice of yours that’s helpful?

Kim Powell

A personal practice is about every two to three years I actually try to take a recharge period, and I find that I am a much more effective leader and advisor and coach when I have a chance to catch my breath. And that’s a pattern actually than extends across my career.

Pete Mockaitis

And how long is a recharge period?

Kim Powell

It’s varied, but sizeable. So anywhere from four to six weeks, to four to six months.

Pete Mockaitis

And so you’re just not working during that time?

Kim Powell

Yeah, I’m just not working.

Pete Mockaitis

That’s awesome.

Kim Powell

I’m gearing up for one this summer actually, in late summer, to again, just unplug. I do a lot of fiction-reading, I tend to have a few personal goals in that time, whether it’s reconnecting with family or exercise, athletic-type goals. And then I come back kind of a new human. It’s hard to do in some roles, but at a point of change – if I’m changing roles, changing companies – I always try to build that in to the process.

Pete Mockaitis

Very cool, thank you. And is there a particular nugget that you share with some of this work that really seems to connect and resonate with folks, getting them maybe quoting yourself back to you?

Kim Powell

Two I would call out: “Engage for impact rather than affinity”, which we talked about earlier. The second is: “Connect before you correct”. When you’re providing feedback to your team, connect before you correct. It’s also applicable on the home front with your kids actually.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, I think we could have a whole episode on this, but now I’m thinking that’s true kind of on the macro scale – hey, you want to have a deep, solid, firm foundation, relationship before you provide constructive feedback, otherwise it’ll often be sort of rejected, like, “Well, screw that jerk. They don’t know anything.”

Kim Powell

Yes.

Pete Mockaitis

But is it also… How are you thinking about it in the micro context, like, “I’m about to deliver a correction. What should I do beforehand, in this very hour?”

Kim Powell

In the micro – understanding what’s going on in their world. So often times they’ve had a terrible shock to their life and they’ve had a bad performance for the last couple of weeks, and someone passed away, or their dog died, or fill in the blank. Take the time to see what’s going on with them. Assume positive intent before you jump on the critical feedback.

Pete Mockaitis

Thank you. And Kim, if folks want to learn more or get in touch, where would you point them?

Kim Powell

So I’d point them to CEONextDoorBook.com for more information about the book.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright. And do you have a final challenge or a call to action for folks seeking to be awesome at their jobs?

Kim Powell

I would say the whole notion of, “You’re destined to be a great leader”, is false. And so, my challenge or call to action is while there’s no perfectly planned or carved plan, there are ways to get stronger and make better choices. So, it’s really just an inspirational, evaluate the opportunities ahead and put yourself in positions where you can excel.

Pete Mockaitis

Beautiful. Well, Kim, this has been a lot of fun. Thank you for sharing these research insights, and good luck with all you’re up to, and have fun over the next recharge period!

Kim Powell

Thank you, I will.

278: The Critical Factors Separating High and Low Performers with Morten Hansen

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Morten Hansen says: "Collaborate on activities with a great business case, great compelling values. Say no to the rest."

Professor Morten Hansen shares the striking results from his multi-year study that identified the seven factors that explain 66% of the difference between low- and high-performing employees.

You’ll Learn:

  1. The seven key practices that outperformers do
  2. How to work less while accomplishing more
  3. How to win your colleagues over to collaborate better

About Morten

Formerly a professor at Harvard Business School and INSEAD (France), professor Hansen holds a PhD from Stanford Business School, where he was a Fulbright scholar. His academic research has won several prestigious awards, and he is ranked as one of the world’s most influential management thinkers by Thinkers50. Morten Hansen was also a manager at the Boston Consulting Group, where he advised corporate clients worldwide. Morten travels the world to give keynotes and help companies and people become great at work.
He is the coauthor (with Jim Collins) of the New York Times bestseller Great by Choice and the author of the highly acclaimed Collaboration and Great at Work.

Items Mentioned in this Show:

Morten Hansen Interview Transcript

Pete Mockaitis
Morten, thanks so much for joining us here on the How To Be Awesome At Your Job podcast.

Morten Hansen
Well, thanks, Pete, for having me.

Pete Mockaitis
Well, I am such a dork for great research and I know you put a lot of research into your book Great at Work. Can you tell us a little bit about the five-year journey there?

Morten Hansen
Yes, it took five years though it wasn’t planned to take five years, it’s just that the way it is with research. I wanted to answer a fundamental question, and that is, “Why do some people perform better in their job than others?”

Now there are a lot pieces of advice on that out there, there are hundreds of books and I found 200 pieces of advice when I catalogued them so there’s no shortage of advice. But I wanted to do an evidence-based inquiry to see what really matters. And to do that we started out by interviewing 120 people, we’ve got some hypotheses, we did a pilot project of survey instruments for another 300.

We realized that a lot of the things we thought upfront weren’t correct, were incomplete or downright misleading. We reorganized the hypothesis and then we did a test of a survey instrument of 5,000 people across corporate America, junior/senior roles, men, women, women are 45% of the sample across jobs, marketing, sales, industries, finance, consumer goods sitting in automobile companies and so on. So it’s really a wide range.

And what we have here     is a combination of statistical analysis that can tell us what really matters in driving performance, and we also have a lot of index case studies so we really know what these top performers did or what some poor performers did so it’s a combination of things. And that took in total five years.

Pete Mockaitis
Well, that is epic. And you just get to reap the benefits of all that great work. So, do tell, what are the key things that better performers are doing when it comes to work?

Morten Hansen
Yeah, what we found is that there are key, the seven key practices, that together account for 66% of the difference in performance among these 5,000 people, so think about it that way, two-thirds of the performance difference can be explained by only seven key practices.

Now there are other things that matters as well beyond those seven but they don’t count for as much and that’s good news for all of us. It’s not that we have to do 200 things right in our jobs to be a top performer. We can concentrate on a few of those. And I divided the seven into two buckets. And one bucket is mastering your own work, and the other bucket is mastering working with others.

And, you know, almost every job today, you got to work with others to achieve. You can’t just be sitting and lock yourself up in your office so you’ve got to do both for these really well.

Pete Mockaitis
Understood. Well, then, so can we hear what are the seven within these two categories?

Morten Hansen
Yeah, let me just skip the headline. So in the mastering your own work bucket we got four of them. So the first one is do less than obsess. These people are hyper-focused and then they go all in on a few things to be excellent performers. And the second one is what I call redesign your work for value. They don’t just take a job specification, they actually go in and say, “How can I create more value in this job? How can I change the role that I’m asked to perform, and then create new ways of delivering more value?” In other words, they are innovating how they work.

And then the third one is what I call the learning loop. They’re not just practicing 10,000 hours to master a skill. They’re saying, “How can I have a greater level of continuous improvement if I’m really getting good feedback, modify my behavior and so on?” It’s the quality of learning, not the quantity of learning that matters.

And then the fourth one in this bucket is what I call P2 combining passion and purpose, that you need a drive, you need an inner motivation to get going. And the combination of passion and purpose is what counts. So those are the, in a nutshell, the four in terms of mastering your own work.

And then mastering working with others there are three of those. The first one I call forceful champions, that are really good people, they are able to inspire and persuade others to support their work because in most companies, you need the support of others, and these are people of whom you have no formal authority often. They’re working in different departments, they’re working in different offices and geographies yet you need their support.

And then the next one is what I call fight and unite. I love this one. You’ve got to have a good fight in meetings and with colleagues to have that. By that I mean great conversations, great discussions and debate, and not just be nice to each other and not being able to challenge one another. But then, of course, you need to unite, you need to commit to a course of action.

And then the last one I call disciplined collaboration. There is an interesting observation out there which is that people either under-collaborate and they often over-collaborate, it happens in lot of companies today. We’re just doing too many collaboration efforts. And so you’ve got to be able to discipline and just work on a few but the right ones and go all in on those.

So these seven are, together, account for a lot of the reasons why we have top performers and others are not. Now, for each of these seven, there are specific practices that you can actually engage in to be able to do this well.

Pete Mockaitis
Well, yes, I would like to hear about each of those. And so, then, do less than obsess. You know, that’s reminding me of the 80-20 Rule here in terms of, if I’m understanding that correctly, it’s like you’re zeroing in on the thing that matters the most, those key few things, and then just doing them. So obsessing so much and doing them so well, you know, some might say, “Oh, that’s a bit much,” but it’s a bit much in exactly the right places. Is that what you’re after there?

Morten Hansen
Yes, yes. So let me qualify that a little bit. So the first thought that pops into your head is you’ve got to focus on a few things. A lot of people said you should focus. There are books out there saying that, there’s the 80-20 Rule, there are many other ways of thinking about focusing. But we’ve got this sort of wrong because focusing is about choice. It’s about setting priorities.

And it’s true. The top performers in our study did do that. They were hyper-focused. Now whether that is 80-20 or 60-40 or 99-1 depends entirely on the situation so you’ve got to be able to really, really have focus on a few priorities.

But what we found is that that is not enough. That is just half of the equation. There is another half, and that is the idea of obsessing, that the top performers were going all in, apply intense targeted effort at the very few things they were doing. And we had people in our dataset that were focusing, they were doing the 80-20, but they weren’t great performers it’s because they weren’t obsessing over what they have left over. And so you’ve got to be able to do both.

And I chose that word obsession deliberately because it’s a bit harsh. It sounds a little extreme and it’s supposed to be, because if you’re not obsessing over the few things you’re focusing on you’re probably not going to do great work. And if you’re going to do a few things you’ve got be doing them well, exceedingly well, because they’re going to be other colleagues out there, some other competitors that are doing more.

They are doing five projects when you’re doing one project. They’re calling 10 customers when you’re calling five customers. And the only way you can be better than them is that you’re exceptional in the kind of work you do.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. Understood. And so then I want to get to the point. I know you also have some good research when it comes to longer hours and working smarter. So how does that fit into the obsession and the being exceptional part of things?

Morten Hansen
Yeah, that’s a great question. So, you know, we think that one way to obsess is just to work crazy long hours, right? So it’s about, you know, 70 hours a week on average, for example. And that’s not what we found. What we found is that people obsess, is that they do work hard. In fact, there’s probably kind of guidelines around 50 hours per week on average, and that’s hard work. That’s not being a slacker at all.

In fact, we ran a statistic analysis, and there’s a chart in the book that shows that if you’re working 30 hours a week on a full-time job, it pays to increase your hours to 30 to 40 and to 50. So there’s a big upswing in performance if you go from 30 to 50 on average in our dataset. But from 50 to 65 hours per week on average, there’s actually the upswing, it kind of flattens out very quickly. You’re not getting a lot of bang for the buck in that intervals.

And beyond 65 hours per week on average, we actually find that quality goes down somewhat. So there is kind of a sweet spot of around 50 hours. And then the question we hear is, “What are you doing in those hours?” It isn’t working more hours.

So what these people do that are obsessing is that they are paying attention to detail, they are going the extra mile, they would rehearse a presentation, they’d be very well-prepared for meetings, and so on. And you can do that if you’re not doing too many things. If you’re constantly running around spreading yourself too thin, from running to meeting to meeting to meeting, you can’t prepare every meeting really well.

But if you’re doing fewer things, you actually have that time to go on and saying, “I’m going to be extremely well-prepared for this meeting. I’m going to have the question. I’m going to think about the topic. I’m going to read all the prep materials, etc.” Now you’re obsessing and you’re doing far better work.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, that’s good. Thank you. And I’m curious with that 30 to 50 hours there. Are we talking about hours of like you showed up or hours in which you’re actually doing stuff?

Morten Hansen
Well, we did ask people to report their hours and asked their boss to report hours, and, yeah, in those hours it could be a lot of wastes, absolutely. I mean, it’s not effective hours, meaning the hours you’re really working. I mean, there’s so much wastes obviously. And that is one of the problems. When you’re working 80 hours a week, you’re probably wasting a lot of those hours. And I’ve been there.

When I started out in my own career, I joined a management consulting company, I had no real experience so I thought I had a brilliant strategy for success – work crazy hours. I was doing 70, 80, 90 hours even for a week, when I think about that. And, you know, I did well but there was a lot of wasted time. But the question here is it’s not how many hours you worked, right?

We have this idea that to succeed in your career, you should do more and put in more hours and work harder than anyone else. That’s kind of the paradigm we’ve been sort of taught, and it’s wrong. It doesn’t lead to better performance. I mean, that’s the point. It is to work hard 50 hours a week and then it is about what you do in those hours that count.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. I’m with you. Well, let’s talk about some of the practices when it comes to redesigning your work for value. So you say you’re not just content with, “Okay, this is your assignment,” but rather you push farther. How does that work in practice?

Morten Hansen
Yes, so, first of all, we have to focus work on value which is very different from reaching your targets and your goals and the metrics that you might be pursuing. So let me give you a brief example to illustrate the difference. One of the people we come across was a person who was running a logistic function in a warehouse, and his job was to ship these industrial products from their warehouse onto the corporate customers. And he was following one metric.

And the metric was the number of times that those shipments leave on time, so percentage on time shipment from the warehouse. And on that metric, he was really good. He had 99% success rate. But then they surveyed the customers, and the customers said that only 65% of the shipments received when they needed them. In other words, a third of the shipments were late. And that is value.

Now you’re thinking about the value metric, “When does the customer need the shipment?” as opposed to my own internal metric, “When does the shipment go out of the warehouse according to schedule?” And so much of work today is around these internal-oriented goals. HR people delivering training programs. Check the box. Going to meeting or making a customer call. Check the box. Medical doctors, physicians use the metric of the number of patients seen in the office during a day.

Pete Mockaitis
Yup, what gets you reimbursed.

Morten Hansen
Right?

Pete Mockaitis
Yup.

Morten Hansen
Versus the number of times I’ve actually had an accurate diagnosis and provide kind of treatment. These are more difficult to track but those are the real-value metrics, and we don’t. So we sort of have the wrong metrics. So what you have to do to get out of that kind of metric problem, is say, “Okay, in my job, if I’m sitting, and I’m a software coder sitting in Ford Motor Company, and I’m in charge of delivering some kind of feature for a product, what is the value I can create in this job?”
And every job has a value-creation potential. Meaning, if you are the beneficiaries of my work outfit, and how can I create far more benefit? So that shipment person in that warehouse then shifted the task to on-time delivery by the customer metric, not his own metric, now you have to redesign how you work, right? Your schedule has to be different. You have different targets. You need to have different metrics and so on.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, that is so good, Morten. You’re bringing me back to when I was doing some strategy consulting with a British van group, and we’d harp on, again and again, outputs versus outcomes. They’re not the same thing and you’ve got to get your head on straight with that, and that is so good. Beneficiaries and benefits, well-articulated. I like it, so.

And I think a lot of times that requires you to proactively say, “Hey, boss, this isn’t…” I don’t know, you’ve got say it nicer, I guess. But it’s like, “You know, just hitting that target doesn’t sound like it will optimally delight the customer or what we’re really going for here.”

Morten Hansen
Yes, exactly. That is exactly the point. And so we’re trying to – you’re trying to get the value metric, is kind of what you’re looking for. And it requires you to maybe re-educate your boss, it requires you to re-educate maybe the customer of your product. So there are a number of ways in which you can do this far better and it’s a challenge but it can certainly be done. And you need to be more creative in your job, and that is a key thing.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. I like it. Now let’s talk about the learning loop. You say it’s important that you just don’t gain mastery at something, but you be a little bit more strategic in the learning. How does that go?

Morten Hansen
Yeah, so the top performers are very, very good at practicing high-quality learning. We always have the idea that you should practice for 10,000 hours and you will master a skill. That’s about the quantity of learning.

Now, in a learning loop it’s about seeking, doing something, measuring the outcome, seeking feedback, and modifying. Now, I’ll give you an example. We had a supervisor at a hospital, and she was in charge of about 20 people to deliver all the food services to the patient in this hospital. And they weren’t doing so well. The food was kind of late. It was cold. It didn’t get there on time, etc.

And she was trying to get her staff to propose more ideas for how they can improve. So she got her staff together in a huddle and she asked for improvements and she didn’t really get any ideas. In other words, she wasn’t leading those huddles in those staff meetings really well. And then she decided, “I’m going to try to improve this.”

So she started out by, “Okay, what questions am I asking?” She asked the question and she gets very little response. And then she got some feedback on the question she had asked, and people said, “You know, you’ve got to ask the question differently. It wasn’t inviting. It wasn’t open-ended.” Then she modified her question.

Now she got one idea in the room. And then she just dropped it and nothing else happened. Then she got some feedback, they said, “Well, you’ve to follow up.” Next day she asked a question. She got some more ideas. She got some follow-up voice to implement these ideas, and then she got some feedback saying, “You know, you’ve got to be more systematic. You’ve got to ask to different questions, you need to get different ideas, you need to enroll different people.”

In other words, constantly getting feedback on how she was running these sessions, and then slowly, but surely, she improved. And within 12 months, they had implemented more than 80 new ideas for how to improve food delivery. And in the patients’ score you could see it, they went from being dissatisfied to high satisfied with the food quality.

And now she’s rated as a top manager in this hospital and she is seen as a terrific leader, but she wasn’t a year and a half ago. And this is the power of the learning loop. If you take the time to focus on a few skills and really pay attention to how you learn and improve, then you can really improve your performance much faster. And we don’t do it in business but we do it elsewhere – sports and so on.

Pete Mockaitis
Interesting. So then you’re applying the learning not just to kind of any skill that is popular or, you know, the next thing in the Korn Ferry lineup of competencies, but rather the things that are most important and just loop, you know, iterating on it again and again. And in this story, it was cool that she was getting the feedback. You know, sometimes that’s hard to come by.

Morten Hansen
Yeah, you know, you’re right. And you have to seek it out, and she had a benefit of a coach in the beginning, he said, “You know, you’re not doing it correctly,” and so on. So we need the feedback. And the feedback system in most companies is kind of broken. I mean, we have the annual performance review.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, yeah.

Morten Hansen
I mean, that doesn’t work. Let’s face it, you can’t just get feedback once a year. Now you might be lucky that you have a mentor, a colleague, or a boss that gives you continuous feedback. But for the learning loop to work, you need to do something, and then you need to have immediate nimble and quick feedback. And then you need to modify your behaviors. It’s sort of like on a daily basis or weekly basis.

But here’s good news. What we found is that top performers, by and large, only spend about 15 minutes a day trying to learn this way, because they’re doing the job anyway. I mean, the supervisor, her job was to run those huddles and create new ideas. But the way she had questions and the way she organized it, well, there was an additional bit of effort of 15 minutes. It doesn’t take a lot of time. We just need to focus on a few things that we want to improve.

Pete Mockaitis
Just to clarify. You say 50, five-zero extra minutes?

Morten Hansen
No, 15, one-five.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay.

Morten Hansen
Yeah, 50 that’s a lot. But, no, one-five, yeah.

Pete Mockaitis
That’s good.

Morten Hansen
Yes.

Pete Mockaitis
In terms of like that’s kind of a nice rule of thumb in terms of to keep the learning loop alive and well, maybe aim for 15-ish minutes of kind of feedback seeking, reflecting, “how can I improve this” kind of thoughtful time per day, and you’re off to the races.

Morten Hansen
Yes, exactly.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay.

Morten Hansen
And add one thing. Use the power of one as a quality. Focus on one skill at a time. Don’t try it with 10 skills. One skill, 15 minutes a day, get that quick nimble feedback, and that’s the way to improve on the job.

Pete Mockaitis
Are you thinking take one skill for a month, or six months, or as long as it takes?

Morten Hansen
No, I would say about six weeks, five to six weeks. And depending on the skill, maybe just four weeks. No, no, you don’t have to – so she was spending maybe several months but they were different skills getting these ideas implemented. But first you’ve got to get the ideas out there in her team, and that was sort of like took four or fives weeks to make sure that she got that going.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, that’s good. Thank you. Okay. Well, now, let’s talk about a couple of the work with others. I’m going to fast forward a little bit. Forceful champions, I think we like some more of those. How can you make it happen?

Morten Hansen
Yeah, so one of the things that’s important to today’s workplace is that you need to be able to inspire/persuade others or assuming you have no formal authority. Because we work with so many other people, colleagues in different departments, they may be your peers, but it doesn’t mean they will support you. They have different agendas. They might be naysayers. They might even be opposing your project, your initiative because it clashes with theirs.

And so you need to be able to navigate that political landscape, if you will, and you need to be smart about it. And so I’ll give you an example of a person, kind of a junior project manager in Dow Chemical, in the name of Ian Telford, that he had his new business idea to create an online store for one of the chemical products they were selling.

And so he proposed his idea to the management team, and they voted him down right away, they didn’t like it. And in the beginning he was very frustrated, he said, “Oh, they are just the old-school type. They don’t understand the internet,” and blah, blah, blah.

But that, of course, doesn’t get him anywhere. So then he started thinking, putting himself in their shoes, he said, “Why would they be against this?” Then he realized that they didn’t like this thing because they now were displaying a lower price online that some of the offline customers who were buying.

So, in other words, they were getting great offline. But, nevertheless, there was that fear that these customers are just going to migrate from the offline high premium high service thing to this online thing. In other words, their concern was completely legitimate if you took the time to put yourself in their shoes.

And then he said, “Okay, given that, I can find a compromise solution, a different pricing scheme. It will work for me.” And then he went back to the management team and now they approved it. And what that story illustrates is that we must take the time to put ourselves in the shoes of other colleagues who have different priorities and get different performance metrics. And if we do that, we can understand why they might be against us or not supporting us. The first step to be a forceful champion.

Pete Mockaitis
All right. So you get that understanding and then I’m imagining then…

Morten Hansen
And then you have to tailor your tactics. Now there are two parts to this. One is to inspire people. Now it’s about stirring emotion in others in a right way so they say, “Okay, I am really, really stirred up about this. I’m excited about what you’re trying to do so I’m going to support you.” And here we often appeal to people’s logic, rational mind, and we provide them with numbers, “This is why you should be doing this.”

And that’s not enough. Emotions are not, you know, you speak to the heart, you can’t just use numbers. I’ll give you an example, a terrific example of somebody who did this. There was a low-level purchasing manager in a company, and he was sitting in the office of this global company in Germany, and he was giving this very boring task/project to convert all the paper forms to electronic documents. So you can imagine sitting in that project, and nobody wants to support him and he couldn’t get the resources needed and so on.

So one day, he learned that the CEO of the company was going to come to that office, and he booked a conference room next to where the CEO is going to be for the day. And so then there was a break, and he went up to the CEO and he introduced himself and said, “I just want to show you something next door. It will just take two minutes.”

She he walked with the CEO into this other conference room, and there, on a gigantic table was a mountain of paper, from the table all the way to the ceiling. And the CEO says, “Holy cow, what am I looking at here?” And he said, “You are looking at all the paper forms that we use in this company.” And the CEO, and I spoke to the CEO afterwards about this, and he said, “You know, there was this kind of visceral reaction I had of emotions like frustration and anger, and how can we be so slow. Why do we have all these forms?”

And from that day onward he received the support he needed to complete his project and be successful. And it’s a great story because it illustrates, you need to show not just tell. We want to stir emotions. You’ve got to find a way, whether it’s a pilot project, a demo, or a stunt like this one, to show people what you’re trying to accomplish. And that’s a way of inspiring, and oftentimes we don’t think. But with a little bit of creativity we can easily come up with our own version here.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, that is good. And you’re right, it might just be a matter of, “Hey, there are customers who are frustrated.” They’re like, “Okay, yeah, they’re frustrated.” As opposed to you could maybe get a video, it’s like, “Look at the customer and hear the outrage,” or, “Look at the mess that she has to deal with because we can’t modify our service in some simple way.”

Morten Hansen
Yeah, that’s a great example. I can tell that the customer is frustrated, where if I show you in some way, you’re going to have that reaction. It’s a great example. And there was another person who said, you know, she was in charge of office kind of re-modeling, putting people into cubicles and change the office landscape.

And she walked around telling people what she was going to do. And everybody says, “Oh, I don’t want to be doing this. It doesn’t sound good.” And then she sat down on a computer and did a little mockup on sort of like a digital design on how it would look like, not even being an architecture herself, she just did it on her own. And she started walking around with that photo of how it might look like. And people looked at the photo and said, “Oh, boy, that looks nice. I’m on board.” Right? Showing not telling.

Pete Mockaitis
So that’s the inspiration part. Now is persuasion a little something different you want to talk about?

Morten Hansen
Yes, it is, because you can inspire people but if they’re really against it, you need a little more of a forceful tactic there which I call persuasive tactics. And here it’s about understanding why people are against you and they come up with some political maneuvering. So it could be compromise, it could be co-opting people, it could be basically challenge them directly on, it could be building allies so that you are actually are able to overcome the opposition, not do the work on your own.

So, as an example, back again to Telford. He had another problem which was that the IT department in Dow Chemical didn’t want him to build this new website, they didn’t want to have this kind of fragmented approach to IT, and this is kind of entrepreneur out there in one department doing it on his own so they were against this idea.

So, then, Ian Telford, what he did was that he decided to become a model internal customer for the IT department. He went to them and he understood their needs, and he came up with – instead of being nasty with them, he started using their language, started using their forms. And when they first got some customers, he called them up by saying, “This is as much a win for you as it is for me.”

And over time, they became one of his supporters. So he did it by bringing them into his tent and inviting them and trying to understand their concerns again, and he won them over. And had he not done that, they will eventually shut it down, shut his venture down. That’s called co-optation in the academic language. I mean, to be a little, let’s say, crude about it.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, I love it.

Morten Hansen
L. B. Johnson, the former president, apparently, he said the following, he’d invited one of his political enemies into his cabinet. And people were looking at this and saying and telling him, “Why did you bring your enemy into your own team?” And he said, “You know, it’s better to have this person inside the tent pissing out than standing outside pissing in.” Apparently, that’s what he said. And, you know, there’s some truth to that, right? You want to win people over, especially enemies.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, this is so good. Well, Morten, I think I could chat with you for hours. But could you give us maybe the one- to three-minute version of fight and unite, and disciplined collaboration?

Morten Hansen
Yeah, I’ll give you the short version. So fight and unite is about having better meetings. We have lots of bad meetings and people report a lot of unproductive meetings. Okay, how can we make them better? Well, meetings should be for one thing only – having a great debate. It should not be for state of something. A state of something you can put in an email.

Okay, how do you have a good meeting? Well, it’s either, say, two people, or it’s ten people. You’ve got to have a good discussion. You’ve got to have a good fight. Not a bad fight, but it’s got to be a good fight. You’ve got to be able to ask questions and solicit minority points, scrutinize assumptions, and have a rigorous debate of the best ideas and arguments emerge.

Then you need to unite. You commit to the decisions made because, otherwise, you’re just not implementing what you decided to do. That’s the fight and unite. And that chapter really talks about particular techniques and tactics you can use to do that well. So that’s the fight and unite to improve the meetings and your results because you have better meetings now.

On the collaboration, I talk about the concept of disciplined collaboration which basically boils down to a set of rules for how to collaborate well. The first one is, only collaborate on activities with a great business case, great compelling values, say no to the rest. And then set sharp unifying goals around those collaborations. And then align your sentence, people are actually willing and able to work on this. So you try to staff it correctly and so on. So those are set of rules to do that well.

And with those two, you’re working more effectively with others and, thereby, you’re proving your own results and the results of your team.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. I like that. Any pro tips on saying no to a suboptimal collaboration in a prudent diplomatic way?

Morten Hansen
Yeah, I do it all the time myself. So I noticed some very effective managers, they do this way. So somebody might call up and say, “We’re forming a new taskforce and we like you to be on it.” And then you’re saying, “Okay, so before I do that, what are you trying to accomplish? What is the value of it?” And if they cannot articulate that, right, sharply then you’re saying, “Wait a minute. Shouldn’t we be doing this?”

You’re asking questions as opposed to saying, “I think it’s a bad idea. I don’t want to do it.” Because when you’re asking questions, people are forced to say, “This is a great collaboration activity.”

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. I like it. Cool. Well, Morten, tell me, anything else you want to make sure to mention before we shift gears and hear about a couple of your favorite things?

Morten Hansen
Yeah, I think that just one more remark. What we found is that small steps can actually produce big results. So when you look at all of these practice, you might say, “Boy, this is a lot. I don’t even know where to begin. It’s overwhelming.” And it isn’t because what you can do is that you can start small and, step by step, you will actually improve your results. That’s what we found in all our case studies.

And so that’s a hopeful message, and I’m doing that myself. I’m saying, “I need to be better at this. And what are the few steps I can take in the beginning and then improve over time?”

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. I like it. Well, now, could you share with us a favorite quote, something that inspires you?

Morten Hansen

Yeah, I think there is a quote in the book, and I just wanted to think about what is a great sort of way of talking about the do less and obsess. And it comes from Henry Ibsen, who is a Norwegian, he’s one of the most famous Norwegian writers and poets. And he says, “Whatever you are, be out and out, not partial or in doubt.”

Pete Mockaitis
All right. Thank you. And how about a favorite book?

Morten Hansen
And that can be a fiction, right?

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, absolutely.

Morten Hansen
Yeah, Beloved by Toni Morrison.

Pete Mockaitis
And what do you love about Beloved?

Morten Hansen
Just, I mean, writing is so beautiful. I mean, the story, too, of course, but the writing is just incredible.

Pete Mockaitis
And how about a favorite tool, something that helps you be awesome at your job?

Morten Hansen
I have a barren computer that has nothing on it except word processing. No internet. No texting. I take it to Starbucks and I can sit there and use it, and I don’t get tempted.

Pete Mockaitis
So there’s like literally no wireless card inside it?

Morten Hansen
Yes. Nothing. I’ve stripped it completely. And if I leave my smartphone at home, I don’t have any connection to the outside world.

Pete Mockaitis
Well, that is excellent.

Morten Hansen
You should think, “Neat,” folks. It’s just an old computer.

Pete Mockaitis
You know, if somebody attempted to just like swap out an old laptop into, I’m saying, like monitor, keyboard setup on my desk, they’d have to go all the way over, you know, to the other room to get the new laptop to replace it in order to access the internet. That’s fun.

Morten Hansen
And it’s actually quite difficult to get stuff off it. You know, somebody should come up with a service that will disconnect these computers.

Pete Mockaitis
Well, that’s clever.

Morten Hansen
To allow us to focus and concentrate.

Pete Mockaitis
And how about a favorite habit?

Morten Hansen
I think that’s a good question. What is my favorite habit or a favorite I have? I, very much, like to go for a walk in the morning. So I work and then I just go for a walk for 10 minutes, and it helps me to just have a break, a small break.

And I was reading Dan Pink’s book, you know, When about the timing of things, and I just learned there that there’s a science behind it. If you have small breaks, you rewire yourself.

Pete Mockaitis
Perfect. Thank you. And is there a particular nugget or articulation of some of your favorite messages that you find really resonates with folks and you hear it quoted back to you often?

Morten Hansen
Yeah, I was thinking about that and I do have a favorite from my own book, I mean, a nugget that I think is important, and people seem to resonate with it. It’s not the magnitude of your effort that counts; it is the magnitude of the value that you create.

Pete Mockaitis
Yes.

Morten Hansen
If we can live by that, we can have so much more impact in our working life without spending all that effort and killing ourselves in the process.

Pete Mockaitis
Yeah, and it’s interesting because, in a way, what you say, it rings so true and resonates so much. And then in another way it’s like the American work ethic, you know, is like, “But you got to work hard.” It’s like, “Well, not necessarily. If the hard work is producing greater value, well, then, yeah, that’s good. But if it’s not, it’s not.”

Morten Hansen
Exactly. If we can stay focused on the value creation and not just the hard work and the effort, we can do so much more with our working life. And, let’s face it, we spend 50% of our time, half of our time on this earth as adults working. Think about how much more impactful we can be if we really apply that dictum.

Pete Mockaitis
That’s good. Thank you. And if folks want to learn more or get in touch, where would you point them?

Morten Hansen
The best place is my website. We have some additional tools and we also have a quiz. You can take a quiz that takes you five minutes, and you can score yourself against these seven practices. The website is MortenHansen.com. So www.mortenhansen.com. Let me spell that M-O-R-T-EN-H-A-N-S-E-N.com, and you can find a quiz there.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, excellent. And do you have a final challenge or call to action you’d issue to folks seeking to be awesome at their jobs?

Morten Hansen
Find one specific thing that you can improve and focus on that one over the next four weeks.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. Perfect. Thank you. Well, Morten, this has been such a treat. I wish you lots of luck with this book and much congratulations to concluding a five-year plus journey of research and synthesizing all these insights for us. It’s much appreciated.

Morten Hansen
Well, thank you so much and thanks for having me on your show.

273: Taking Control of your Career with Korn Ferry’s Gary Burnison

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Gary Burnison says: "Be indispensable to somebody else, and find your purpose."

Korn Ferry’s CEO Gary Burnison talks about the importance of learning agility and areas to consider when evaluating a potential job offer.

You’ll Learn:

  1. Which skills predict success–and which are 200X harder to develop than others
  2. New rules of thumb on timelines that suggest “job hopping” vs “getting stale”
  3. Why happiness is central to your career strategy

About Gary

Gary D. Burnison is the Chief Executive Officer of Korn Ferry, the preeminent global people, and organizational advisory firm. Korn Ferry helps leaders, organizations, and societies succeed by releasing the full power and potential of people. Its nearly 7,000 colleagues deliver services through Korn Ferry and its Hay Group and Futurestep divisions. Mr. Burnison is also a member of the Firm’s Board of Directors.

Items Mentioned in this Show:

Gary Burnison Interview Transcript

Pete Mockaitis
Well, I’d love to start if we can hear a little bit about you and surfing. I understand you use that as a metaphor for many things. Are you also an active surfer in the literal sense?

Gary Burnison

In the literal sense for sure, dude. [laugh] Look, I was raised in Kansas – a long way from where you can actually surf, but in Los Angeles it is… Yeah, you can surf. And it’s kind of my philosophy on life that people get a certain number of waves – maybe some big, some small – and the whole trick is figuring out which ones you ride, how long you stay on, when you bail. And I think life and careers are much like that.

Pete Mockaitis

I hear you, yeah. And so, just to orient listeners here – I’ve been a fan of Korn Ferry for a good while, and fun fact – the birth of the How To Be Awesome At Your Job podcast came from me just shamelessly looking at the bibliography of the book For Your Improvement, and cold out reaching to hundreds of those authors. And then some said “Yes”, and now – well, they say “Yes” more easily and they come to me, which is a cool situation. So thank you for the great work you do in the organization. But could you orient those unfamiliar what’s your company all about?

Gary Burnison

We’re a global organizational consulting firm, so our purpose is to help organizations and people exceed their potential. We’re couple of billion dollars in revenue, we’re all over the world, we’ve got 8,000 employees. And the sole purpose of the company is to improve other companies through their people, through their organizational strategies, how they develop people, how they motivate people, how they pay people. That’s what we’re about.

Pete Mockaitis

Very good. And so, I want to talk most of the time about your book Lose the Resume, Land the Job. But first, I’ve got a couple of tricky ones I want to make sure we’ve got a moment to hit right upfront. And one of them is something I’ve been wrestling with, and others in the Learning and Development industry. I’ve got the Korn Ferry book For Your Improvement open, there’s an appendix called A Developmental Difficulty Matrix, which is a cool graphical representation that shows a number of competencies ranked from hardest to develop to easiest to develop.
And so, I had a buddy of mine in the Learning and Development industry get into a little bit of a scuffle with someone who said, “Hey, wait a minute. That sounds a little bit like a fixed mindset. That’s blasphemous”, to say that some competencies are super hard to develop and thusly you should just hire for them upfront. So how do you square the notions of, you want to be a learner, which is awesome, and a growth mindset is helpful, versus your hard resource that shows some competencies are harder to develop than others.

Gary Burnison

Look, it’s nature versus nurture, right? So it’s an age-old question: Were you born to be a great baseball player, or did you do the right kinds of things, to coaching along the way? It’s one of those things that it’s kind of like, does God exist? To find the ultimate answer is very, very hard. We have a ton of research behind it, but I will tell you that just my practical experience – I’m CEO of a public company, I’ve been the CEO for 11 years. Korn Ferry has done decades of research on this.
It is absolutely true that some skills are much harder to develop than others. And what I would tell you is that in my simple world there’s a left brain and there’s a right brain. And the left brain, for purpose of our conversation, is very analytical, it’s very kind of black and white. The right brain is a whole different world. And as you move up an organization, I would say the number one predictor of success that Korn Ferry has studied in CEOs all over the world, is learning agility. But as you move up, you have to make that transition from your left brain to your right brain, and it is not easy.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, so a couple of things. What precisely do you mean by “learning agility”?

Gary Burnison

Knowing what to do when you don’t know what to do. And so the more situations that you’re in where you have failed, the better are your chances for success in the future. And so what happens is as a CEO, as a leader – doesn’t have to be a CEO – but you’re always going to be in situations that you’ve never been in before. And that could range the whole gamut of possibilities, from being personally sued to dealing with the things that you read about in the papers today around a workplace environment – all of those things you’ve probably never experienced. And guess what? As the leader you can’t say, “I don’t know.”
And so you have to inspire confidence to the organization about where it’s headed and how it’s going to punch through that opening in the sky when it’s a very, very cloudy day. So the right brain is really all around how you connect with others, how you inspire others, how do you get people to wake up without the alarm clock? That is something that has to be learned over time.
And so as we’ve studied people, and you’ve referenced the research that we’ve done – when you start out, and it could be out of high school or out of college, you’re basically a follower. And what you’re going to be doing is going to be very repetitive, and it’s going to be very action-oriented. You’re going to be making rapid, quick, repetitive decisions. But as you progress – and this is the question you were asking – as you progress, that becomes totally reversed. And so you do not, as a CEO or a leader, you don’t want to make rapid decisions. You want to be reflective, you want to be a complex thinker, you want to have Plan C for Plan B for Plan A – almost the polar opposite of somebody starting out in the workforce.

Pete Mockaitis

Yeah, I’ve got a Marshall Goldsmith book title leaping to mind here – What Got You Here Won’t Get You There. So that’s helpful to lay that out. And so, when we talk about some competencies being harder to develop than others, is it like they’re twice as difficult to develop, or is it like 200 times as difficult?

Gary Burnison

Like 200, yeah. So it is this very, very easy to motivate yourself. I shouldn’t say it’s very, very easy. It’s not easy for everybody, but it’s relatively easier to motivate yourself. Now, if you have to do that to five other people, if you’ve got to do that to 50 other people, if you’ve got to do that to 5,000 other people – becomes much, much harder.
Take a simple task, like let’s say you’ve got five friends over and you’re going to go to dinner. And one likes Mexican food, one loves Chinese food, Indian food. You’ve got a whole range of gamuts, and as the leader you’ve got people that have different motivations, they have different self-interest, and they’ve got different tastes in where they want to go to dinner. And so what you’ve got to do is anchor that discussion on where you’re going to dinner in a common purpose and get everybody to agree that we’re going to go have the Happy Meal at McDonald’s.
That is not an easy thing, just with five people figuring out where they’re going to go to dinner. But if you then expand that range of thinking and possibilities to 50 people, 500 people, around strategies to enable a company to succeed, or an organization to succeed, just think about how much harder that actually is.

Pete Mockaitis

Oh, certainly. So the feat is certainly way, way more challenging. And I guess I’m wondering from a competency-development perspective, are you saying that some competencies such as managing conflict, that are in the hardest area, as compared to being tech-savvy or action-oriented on the easiest area – those are 200 times as hard to develop, the harder ones?

Gary Burnison

Oh, for sure. There’s no question about that.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright.

Gary Burnison

And it’s something that, again, a textbook can help, but there’s no substitute for… I can remember the first time my dad pushed me on the bicycle. And so I remember the exact moment as clear as day, and that feeling – there’s nothing like it in the world. And so at Korn Ferry, what we found again through research is when it comes to development, we believe in 70/20/10. In other words, only 10% of your development once you leave your college is actually going to come from the classroom; but 90% is going to be on your assignment or assignments and who you’re working with, and who you’re working for.

Pete Mockaitis

Yeah. And I want to go there next. We recently had a guest, Carter Cast from Kellogg Business School, and he was a lot of fun, had some great thoughts about career derailers. And he cited a Korn Ferry study, in which managers ranked their own level of skill at competencies, and they had ranked dead last the competency of developing talent, or developing direct reports in others. So, I thought that was pretty striking, and I’m wondering in a world where 90% of learning is kind of happening right there on the spot, on the job, with interactions with boss and others – how do you become, as you say, a learn-it-all effectively, in that undesirable context?

Gary Burnison

I think the other thing is you want to mirror it all. So it is true that most people in all the research we’ve done would not describe themselves as high in terms of developing others. And I think that’s the responsibility of any great manager or leader. It’s much like raising your kids. And I think it’s so much easier to mirror the behavior that you want to see in others, rather than telling people what to do. And so I think that developing others is a little bit like networking. Networking, which we talk about in the book, is really about the other person. It really starts with the other person. And I think that the concept of developing others is not a “tell me” type situation, it’s a “show me” type environment.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay. And so then, if you’re on the more junior side of things, I suppose that’s great advice for those who are doing the mentoring and trying to grow and develop those they’re leading. I guess I’m wondering if you are the leadee, the follower in this relationship and you’ve got a boss who fits right in there, in terms of being on the lower side of being able to develop the direct reports in others, what are some of your best options and career moves to keep that learning going?

Gary Burnison

I think in this… Look, the world is changing, and so Millennials today are probably going to work for 30-35 companies. I’m a Baby Boomer, I will have worked for five. So, the reality of today’s world is it’s not hierarchical anymore; it’s very lateral, and you will be making many, many job moves. When I was younger that was a big negative – you were called a “job hopper”. Now actually we look at resumes and we actually have the opposite view. If you’ve been at one company for a long time, the question is are you stale, can you adapt to new cultures? So it’s going to be very common for people to work for different companies.
I would also say that a truth is that people leave bosses, they don’t necessarily leave companies. And one of the mistakes, even in Millennials and people that are going to have many more career experiences and employers, is that they automatically jump for the wrong reason, and they think the grass is greener, maybe they hate their boss. The truth is, you can actually learn more from bad bosses than you can from great bosses.
And we can all think about our mom or dad, or aunt or uncle, or elders in our life. And how many times have we said to ourselves when we were a kid, “I’m never going to do that to my kid. I’m never going…” And so that very, very basic kind of instinct in human nature is the same one that actually applies in work. And so I believe you can actually learn from a bad boss. I’m not saying you shouldn’t take control, but I would first say embrace it and learn from it.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, that’s helpful. And I want to follow up quickly on the point about job hopping, and now it’s sort of the opposite. So you have a unique vantage point, and I’d love to get your view for what is the amount of time… I guess it varies a lot, but in terms of how many years you think, “Huh, that’s kind of short and concerning”, versus how many years you say, “Ooh, that’s kind of long and it’s concerning”?

Gary Burnison

Yeah. Look, I’m going to back to happiness. And we can talk more about this as we get into it, but I think it’s got to be paced by your happiness. However, when you put a clinical view of it, perception over reality view of it, today if I look at a resume and the person is there a year, less than a year, maybe slightly over a year – I’m going to raise questions. If they’ve been there kind of two years, two years plus – I’m cool. And so that’s kind of I think a pretty good rule of thumb today. In today’s world it’s very lateral – not ladder, not very hierarchical.

Pete Mockaitis

And on the flipside you mentioned if they’re there too long, you wonder are they stale and maybe not as adaptable.

Gary Burnison

Yeah, isn’t that amazing? It’s so amazing how that switched in my career. Absolutely true. And so, when I start to look at it and I’m kind of like 10, 15 years, kind of plus, those questions are coming into my mind. Ten years I’m okay, but kind of when it gets into the 15 I start to wonder, can they adapt to a new culture?

Pete Mockaitis

And that’s 15 years at the same company.

Gary Burnison

Job. Same company. They’re not the same position, but the same company.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, then I think maybe there’s another point, like if you’re in the same position… I come from strategy consulting Bain & Company, where it’s up or out, but I guess in quote-unquote “normal” industries…

Gary Burnison

See, that’s the other thing that people don’t necessarily recognize, is that… So when I look at a resume I’m going to spend literally, I bet I spend 20 seconds. And what I look at is a couple of things. I look at career progression, and I think most people, whether it’s overt or covert, that’s what they’re looking for.
So in other words, they want to see that from the time of college to the most recent, that you’re actually progressing, in terms of scale, scope and size – what I would call “the three S’s”. And it very much is an S-curve. So we’re going to want to see that you’ve taken on more scale, bigger teams, more complexity, in other words you’re being promoted. So it could be the same company, but if you’re in the same position for that whole time at that company, that’s probably going to be viewed as a negative.

Pete Mockaitis

Right, yeah. So when you say “that amount of time”, it’s like 10 years?

Gary Burnison

Yeah, if you’re kind of in the same position… Because again, we’re going to come back to say the number one predictor of success that Korn Ferry would say, is learning agility. It’s just curiosity, right? Curiosity in terms of music, in terms of what you read, the whole deal. And we actually test for that.
And then if you believe that you’re learning through others and you’re learning on the job – well, if you’re doing the same thing you’re just exercising the same muscle. So it’s a little bit like going down to the gym – well, if you keep doing pull-ups and that’s all you do – well, one part of your body is going to be disproportionate to the other part. So in terms of a more holistic exercise routine you’re going to want to exercise many more muscles than just your arms. It’s the same thing in a job and a career.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay. Understood, thank you. So now let’s talk about the book here. It’s called Lose the Resume, Land the Job. What’s the big idea behind it?

Gary Burnison

The big idea is most people are clueless; that most people do more research in terms of buying a washing machine than actually thinking about their career and their next job. And it’s blowing me away, from college students to Fortune 100 board members. And there’s this kind of view that, “Okay, I’m like miserable. I can’t wait for jury duty. I just can’t go into this place anymore. My boss is a jerk. I’m not going anywhere. He or she’s promised a performance review six times over the last six months. I finally got one last week, and it was five minutes.”
We’ve all, all been there. The problem is, all of us, what we do – the first thing is we get out a piece of paper or we get out a computer and we start updating this little thing called the resume. And what happens is we sit there, we start to agonize over verbs or adjectives. We think we’re Hemingway.

Pete Mockaitis

The font. The font, Gary!

Gary Burnison

Yeah, the font, the size, the space. And three hours go by, you’re so frustrated that you just go back to that miserable boss again. Or you complete the exercise and you blindly send resumes. And my view is, if that’s what you’re doing, you just as well go down to 7-Eleven and buy a lottery ticket. Because your chances of getting hired cold through that resume are just as good as playing the lotto.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright, understood. Okay, and I want to dig into the sort of thoughtlessness piece you mentioned. I love it, it was well-stated – the unspoken truths there, when it comes to the amount of time spent researching a washing machine or a TV. I love numbers. I couldn’t help it, I had to look it up. An Ipsos survey put research of a TV purchase at four hours. And I don’t know if you were sort of being cheeky or data-driven with that assertion, but I’m wondering, have you done some research or studies in terms of how much time, energy, thought, attention, folks on quote-unquote “average” are putting into their career planning and path and next move?

Gary Burnison

Very little. Again, I just see it. I can’t tell you how many thousands of resumes I’ve received, and guess where those go? Nowhere.

Pete Mockaitis

In the recycling bin.

Gary Burnison

Yeah, they do. They do. And that’s just the unvarnished truth. And I’m not speaking just for myself; I can tell you that’s what happens. And so there’s this naive view on the part of everybody that, “I can just kind of blindly send out this resume and it’s going to work” or, “I’m going to be plucked out of the ocean like I’m this fabulous fish, and I’m going to get discovered.” It just doesn’t happen. It’s not reality. And so my view is, like you would do with other things in your life, take control.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright. And one way you recommend taking that control is you have a handy acronym – to showcase your ACT. Can you unpack that a little bit for us?

Gary Burnison

Yes, absolutely. And that’s really in the context of meeting a company, doing an interview. Before that if you want to take control of your career, I think you have to first start with purpose and you have to first start with happiness, because if you’re happy you’re probably motivated, if you’re motivated you’re probably going to outperform, and you’re going to love what you’re doing.
So I think the first step, rather than updating the resume, which everybody goes to – that’s the first thing people do – I would say don’t do that. I would say actually look at yourself, in terms of strengths, weaknesses, blind spots. What does that tell you about yourself? What is your life’s purpose? What do you like doing? And from that I would sit there and say, “Okay, what industries, sectors, then companies actually kind of line up against that purpose and what I love doing?” And that includes, by the way, cities – where I want to live.
Then what you want to do is you want to do the whole six degrees of separation thing. You absolutely want to update the resume, and in the book we’ve got ways to do it the right way, but you want to get that warm introduction. So my view is, don’t just look and see if there’s an opening at a job; actually take control and proactively target the places you want to work, and get a warm introduction into those companies.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright, very good. And how is that done well, in terms of really making that work for you?

Gary Burnison

The whole effort around networking does require work. I mean you have to roll up your sleeves; you have to actually research who really works at this company, where did they go to school, what are their backgrounds, what are they involved in the community? You have to do it the good old-fashioned way, offline as well. You’ve got to ask somebody who maybe knows somebody who knows somebody who works at the company. I will tell you that if you just do a random sample and ask people how they got their job, I think what you’re going to find five times out of 10, is that one way or another, they knew somebody at the company, that they somehow, someway got turned on to it.
And so I go back to when we were kids, what happened? Well, there was the ice cream shop, there was the grocery store, there was the bike shop, but you went down to that store and you filled out an application. Well, what actually happened before that? Well, probably somebody had told you that that’s a really cool place to work, or you shopped there.
But the point is, you proactively targeted where you wanted to work. And what happens then over a span of 10, 20, 50 years later – we forget that. And that most basic principle of taking control and targeting opportunities – you just forget, and you automatically go to the resume. And the resume, trust me, is only 10% of it. People think it’s 90%; it’s actually only 10%.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, so you’re doing the networking, and then the principles here are you’re thinking clearly about knowing yourself and your interests, your values, your passions, your strengths, your weaknesses and all that stuff. And then you’re doing your research on folks. And then any other key tips to share to round out the networking perspective and being focused on the other person, etcetera?

Gary Burnison

You had talked about… So I do have tips, in terms of the resume and how you should do a resume. There’s tips, and you asked the question about ACT. That’s in the context of interviewing. So when I think about interviewing, I do think of ACT; and even in the resume preparation. “A” for being authentic, “C” for connecting, and “T” for giving somebody a taste of who you are.
And here’s the deal, is that we each make judgments, whether you like it or not, on another human being within the first seven seconds of meeting that person. So if you assume for a moment that it’s true that that happens – and you may not believe it’s seven seconds; you may believe it’s two seconds, you may believe it’s two minutes – but the reality is it’s sooner rather than later, and we all have preconceived… Our brain works in very mysterious ways.
So what that means is, you’re going to have to do your homework ahead of time, and you’re going to have to find those immediate connection points, because most people think of an interview like, “I’m going to go have a root canal.” It’s this cross between the root canal and Disneyland, and it’s a terrifying experience. And I think that part of the book is to kind of change people’s thinking around, quote, “the interview”, and don’t treat it like an interrogation or you’re having your tooth pulled, but rather make it a conversation.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay. And so then, dig into that a little bit. You lay out some deadly sins of interviewing. Could you share perhaps some of the deadliest and the most commonly occurring?

Gary Burnison

Oh man, I’ve seen it all. Listen, don’t confuse community service and prison. And I’ve actually had that. I once interviewed somebody… I’ll tell you two sides of it – I interviewed somebody, and there was this “Friends of the Freeway”. And I started to probe a little bit and it turned out it really wasn’t “Friends of the Freeway”; it was actually prison time. And the other side of that is somebody who was completely honest, and they had actually been convicted of manslaughter. A very, very sad story, but the person was dead honest. And abusive relationship, the whole thing. The person got hired.
And so, these deadly sins of interviewing – number one, never lie. Don’t exaggerate. Don’t claim success for all of humanity, that it rested on your shoulders. So, that’s number one – don’t lie, don’t inflate, don’t exaggerate. Number two – don’t be late, be on time. Number three – don’t dress like you’re going on Dancing with the Stars. So in other words, you’ve got to do your homework, which is kind of like another sin of interviewing. You have to do your homework ahead of time. So, those are a few thought starters.

Pete Mockaitis

Yeah, that’s good. I got a real kick out of, in the book you mentioned, don’t eat during your interview, and don’t shout out “Lunch!”, even if it is your lunch hour and you have to get right back to your other job afterwards. And it just made me chuckle.

Gary Burnison

Look, I’ve seen it all, I’ve got to tell you. And we’ve seen it all. We’ve seen people interviewing at Pepsi and asking for a Coke. We’ve seen people interviewing at a fast food place and the candidate actually asked the question, “Do you really eat this crap?” But I think the biggest thing is just not being prepared, not doing your homework. You’ve got to actually know what you’re going to wear, go there ahead of time, know what the commute’s like, Google the person, go on LinkedIn, make sure you’re dressed appropriately for the gig, for the culture, that you bring your resume, that you bring a notepad, but don’t bring your mom. And I’m telling you, we’ve also seen people bringing their mom. Not a good idea.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, that opens up so many new topics for another podcast – sort of the mindset that could lead to that sense that that was acceptable is intriguing. But you tell me, Gary – before we shift gears and hear about a few of your favorite things, any other key points you really want to make sure to share with this group first?

Gary Burnison

Take control. I just hate to see people that they actually don’t plan their careers, that it’s more kind of by happenstance. And I think it’s becoming more common for people to have worked for different employers. Job hopping is not a stigma anymore; that’s actually how you learn. You learn through who you’re working for, and people ignore that. People focus on the money, which I get. Look, I was the first one to go to college, I’ve been there. I know what it’s like, I’ve been there, trust me.
But what people ignore is their boss. They ignore the fact of who they’re going to work for. The boss is actually going to have a gigantic determinant of your happiness and success. Culture. People now focus on the title and the money and the ring, but they won’t focus on the culture. Well, the truth is, most people won’t fail or succeed based on whether they were technically competent; they’re going to fail or succeed because there wasn’t that culture fit. And people totally ignore that.
And so a company is no different than a house or a family. People coming into my house don’t have to take off their shoes – that’s kind of customary. Well, in another person’s house maybe they do need to take off their shoes. Well, that person’s not right or wrong, and I’m not right or wrong. But the reality is, each company has a very, very unique culture and you have to spend as much time thinking about whether that culture is going to invigorate you and keep you motivated. And most people just don’t focus on culture; they focus on money.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, I’d love to get your quick take – maybe could you drop for us three rapid-fire, hard-hitting cultural mismatches you see that are destructive, like, “Hey, the candidate loves this but the company is that”, and sadness ensues?

Gary Burnison

I see all the time companies have these great job descriptions, they’re so long, and they seem so strategic and so lofty, and yet when you ask, “Okay, but what am I really going to do on Monday?”, there’s this huge gap between what the job description says versus what you’re actually going to do. So make sure you actually know what you’re going to do. It may sound stupid but, “What do you want me to accomplish in the first month? What do you want me to accomplish in the first six months?” That’s number one.
Number two is around culture. I think one of the easiest ways to tell that is how people dress. So, what’s that like? Or people’s offices, if it’s offices. Is it open door, closed door, do families get together, do they not get together, are there virtual employees or they’re not virtual, do you have to go in the office? Dress and kind of everyday stuff reveals a multitude around culture.

Pete Mockaitis

Well, that’s intriguing. And so could you share, “Hey, if you see this, it tends to mean that” kinds of quick rules of thumb there?

Gary Burnison

If you walk into an office and it seems like… And I’ve gone into places, trust me, and I thought I was at a mortuary. Now, that may be great for some people; I’m not saying that that’s not great. I mean some people may love hardwood, dark wood panel, shag carpet, drop a needle, everybody hears it. That could be great; it’s not me. So, you just have to make sure that you know what’s you, and I can’t tell you what’s you.
But those very, very basic things, man – open your eyes. I’ll never forget this company – the people would put “Stop” signs on their door, that you couldn’t come in. And that’s just not me. I’ve been in companies where the office doors are closed all the time. That’s not me, but it could be somebody else. So you just have to look at those – they seem pedestrian, they seem rudimentary, but I guarantee you they are probably the most important.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay, thank you. Well now, could you share with us a favorite quote, something you find inspiring?

Gary Burnison

What’s on my mind these days is, “Don’t talk about it; be about it.” And the world is at an interesting place, and the left is further left and the right’s further right. And there’s obviously a lot of conversations from socio-economic to the workplace environment. And for me personally right now, that’s kind of my motto, is that, “Let’s not just talk about it; let’s be about it.”

Pete Mockaitis

Alright, thank you. And how about a favorite study or experiment or a piece of research?

Gary Burnison

Well, I’ll only talk about right now – probably Mao Tse-Tung, The Little Red Book. China – I’ve lived in China. It’s a very mysterious place, and you think you know it and in fact you don’t know anything. So that’s actually what I’m turned on by these days, that’s kind of what I’m reading. And I’m trying to gather from that – even though very communist and you might find it counter-intuitive – but I’m trying to glean kind of humanity. What the overall theme right now for me is really just, don’t talk about it; be about it.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay. And how about a favorite tool, something that helps you be awesome at your job?

Gary Burnison

I read, read, read. And so I wake up in the morning before anybody, and I go to bed at night doing the same thing. And it’s not so much novels; it’s just kind of being in the world and current events. So I’d say that probably helps me because again, a big part of what I do is trying to connect with others. And we are in 60 different countries, many different cultures, 8,000 people. I think that to the extent that I am broader, I’m going to have a better chance of connecting with others. And as a leader it’s really not about the leader; it’s about whether you can create followership, which is not easy to do.

Pete Mockaitis

Okay. And is there a particular nugget that you share that you find is often quoted back to you or really seems to be connecting, resonating with folks, retweeting and taking notes?

Gary Burnison

Yeah, it gets thrown back at me all the time because we’re all human beings and we’re all flawed. But I’ve always tried to have an orientation of, does somebody feel better after the conversation than before? And I fail at that all the time. Absolutely fail at that all the time. But I try to hold that out and I check myself against the glass. I think that’s a pretty good yardstick for a leader, that you want people to feel better no matter the situation, after than before.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright. And Gary, if folks want to learn more or get in touch, where would you point them?

Gary Burnison

LoseTheResume.com. We’ve got the book there, we’ve got a whole business of Korn Ferry around helping people with their careers – KFAdvance.com, books on Amazon. So that’s where to find out more.

Pete Mockaitis

Alright. And do you have a final challenge or a call to action for those seeking to be awesome at their jobs?

Gary Burnison

Be indispensable to somebody else, and find your purpose.

Pete Mockaitis
Alright. Well Gary, thanks so much for taking this time; I know it is in high demand. And for all the work you do in leading Korn Ferry and the cool stuff that comes out of it, I’ve been a longtime admirer and this was a lot of fun for me.

Gary Burnison

Thank you very much. It’s great.

264: Navigating the Treacherous Ascent to Leadership with Ron Carucci

By | Podcasts | One Comment

 

 

Ron Carucci says: "Your vulnerability and your humanity are your two greatest resources."

Ron Carucci shares his groundbreaking research on the patterns of successful–unsuccessful–rises to greater organizational power.

You’ll Learn:

  1. How resumes and interviews routinely mislead
  2. How to minimize alienation
  3. The four patterns of successful leaders

About Ron

Ron is a seasoned consultant with more than 25 years of experience working with CEOs and senior executives of organizations ranging from Fortune 50s to start-ups in pursuit of transformational change. His consulting has taken him to more than 20 different countries on four continents. He has consulted to some of the world’s most influential CEOs and executives on issues ranging from strategy to organization to leadership. He has worked extensively in the health sciences, biotech, and healthcare provider sectors and in the technology, consumer products, and retail food and beverage industries.

Items Mentioned in this Show:

Ron Carucci Interview Transcript

Pete Mockaitis
Ron, thanks so much for joining us here on the How to be Awesome at Your Job podcast.

Ron Carucci
Pete, great to be with you. Thanks for having me.

Pete Mockaitis
Well, I think the first thing that we’ve got to cover head on is that you possess a doorknob collection. What’s the story here?

Ron Carucci
Gosh, you know, you never know how to answer the classic question interviews ask you about, “What’s an interesting fact about you that nobody would know?” And, you know, I was looking around my office and I looked at these big jars I have of these beautiful antique knobs, “Oh, I’m going to put that,” knowing that it would bait somebody to ask.

So a long time ago, as an art endeavor to give a gift to somebody whose life is about opening doors, I created this beautiful sculpture, this sort of glass sculpture which is basically a beautiful tall glass jar filled with, you know, all kinds of antique doorknobs from hundreds of years ago, 50 years ago, every era. So you see decades and decades of stories.

And the metaphor for me was imagine all of the hands that touched these knobs over the years, and the entrances people made into rooms, and all the conversations that ensued. And so I made them for people whose life was about opening doors, was about creating access, creating doorways for people. And then people started asking me to make them.

And so probably, for people where I felt like it was more than I made them, and then I made a giant one for myself because, I thought, I want one of these. But I made it so large that the glass jar broke and exploded and I got really impressed over that. So then I made three little ones out of that same set of collection. So those are sitting in my office on the coffee table by the couch.

And so they’re just a wonderful reminder of, you know, the stories of our life came long before us, and they will go on long after us, and many people had to open doors for us and there are many people relying on us to open doors for them. And it’s a great reminder to think about being part of a much bigger story than the one we just see.

Pete Mockaitis
Well, that is cool. And you got me thinking, you know, I spend a lot of time looking at doors recently because we just bought this home and we’re doing some renovation. I want my home office to have some sound blocking, you know, studio-esque and did all this research and looking at different doorknobs and their impact on the blocking of sound which is funny, it’s like the opposite metaphor, “Do not pass through here. I need the quiet for a good recording.” And so I’m intrigued. So do you have a preference when it comes to an appearance, a finish of bras or copper or satin nickel, or polished chrome?

Ron Carucci
There’s glass ones in there, there’s crystal ones, there’s leathers, there’s ones that came right, you can tell, right out of the ‘50s, the houses I grew up in. There are door knockers in there. There are skeleton keys. Yeah, there’s just all kinds of…there’s wooden ones from the 1800s in there. There’s ones from fancy large doors. There’s ones from cabinet doors. So, yeah, it’s quite a variety of collection.

Pete Mockaitis
That’s wild. Well, thank you for sharing. That is intriguing and it kind of sets up a cool metaphor here. So I want to talk mostly about Rising to Power, the book. But could you maybe orient us a little bit, what’s your company Navalent all about? And am I pronouncing it correctly?

Ron Carucci
You are.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. Good.

Ron Carucci
And I’m glad to tell you about us. So I and my colleagues at Navalent get to spend our days traipsing through the hallways of all kinds of organizations: small ones, startup ones, mid-cap ones, large global powerhouses, alongside the journeys of leaders on some pursuit of change, some pursuit of transformation, some pursuit of something better, improved, or get out of some ditch, and helping them construct very complicated journeys of change whether those are strategic or organizational or cultural or their own personal leadership. We help carefully curate the journey with them so that they could actually be successful and reach the aspirations that they dream of reaching.

Pete Mockaitis
Cool. Alright. Well, it sounds like my kind of place. Well, so now, I want to dig into your book. It’s called Rising to Power which is a juicy title. So, first tell me, what is the main idea and what is it not? Is it about a dictator’s upcoming into their own?

Ron Carucci
No, it’s not about that. We thought we might find them in the research. It’s based on a ten-year longitudinal study of about 2800 people who are all pursuing positions of broader influence in their lives, mostly at the higher ranks of organizations, but it’s a variety. So I know your audience is mostly in their mid-30s and professionals, and so I think that the point in the book certainly apply to all of us in that all of us are pursuing greater influence. We all want to have greater impact. We all want to reach more people and leave positive things behind in our work and make a difference.

And we’ve known for a long time that more than half of those who take on positions of broader influence in organizations fail in their first 18 months. And we’ve known that for 20 years, and it’s just become the new normal. Recruiters love it because it’s an annuity for them but for everybody else it’s a tremendous amount of carnage and wastes in our path and unnecessarily so.

The book began in a personal level when somebody that I had been working with called and I was assuming point of check in, and I was going to hear about great things they had done, and they had been fired. They had started much bigger job 10 months earlier and, yeah, everybody saw them as having great potential and was going to go the distance and could make great impact. And so I couldn’t imagine why it was we could’ve misjudged his potential so greatly, and that I wanted to go back in and find out what happened.

And that investigation led us to the 10-year study to find out that he was really just one more statistic. I thought, “Gosh, we can do better. This is insane that we just accept this as normal.” Why is it that people who look so breathtakingly wonderful in the middle suddenly become disastrous when you move them up? Makes no sense.

And it turns out, after 2700 interviews and a lot of digging, and we sort of stopped about 100 leaders in mid-ascent to see if we could watch in slow motion what was going on to find out what’s causing these people to go tap dancing in these landmines, and how can we up and not do that. So it was a wildly instructive study, difficult in some of the things it revealed in that it’s a wonder any of them are succeeding given all the landmines companies put in their way, and it was inspiring to see that there are many leaders, not only rising and thriving, but sticking a landing and having great impact when they get there, and begin to isolate what it was they were doing that enabled them to be successful.

So it was a pretty robust experience to study all that.

Pete Mockaitis
Well, Ron, this is so juicy and I’m so intrigued. And so I’d say, hey, just take us there on the story in terms of, with particular emphasis maybe on kind of the most leveraged forces both in terms of what we see in the organizational landscape, and in terms of the actions folks are taking, the mistakes that seem to trip folks up again and again.

Ron Carucci
One of the most common ones, Pete, is right in the very beginning when we start beginning to prepare people or invite them to bigger jobs. And this is any one of us who go on job interviews or who conduct job interviews, can fall under this trap. So the two most common devices we use to make decisions about people’s jobs are the two least reliable: the resume and the interview. Right? But we’re still using those mechanisms to make choices, and people walk through their resume and we tell them stories.

But one of the most dangerous parts of that conversation begins to sound something like, “Wow, look at that great team you led to that result. That’s what we need.” Or, “Look at this brand you built. That’s what we need.” Or, “My gosh, look at the sales team you’re able to drive such results through. That’s what we need.”

And whether you’re on the asking or receiving end of that question, a red flag should go off. The minute someone starts implying that there is this past set of successes that you’re meant to come and repeat, because the implication is that you have a formula, you have a recipe, you have some tried and true approach that you should come apply here, and that is almost always a setup for failure because it’s devoid of any context, right?

And so somebody comes in, starts slapping on their formula, it starts not to work, I start slapping harder, then I get frustrated, people start backing away and failure set in motion. And so never assume that any success you had is repeatable. Never assume anybody else’s success that they’ve had is something you should want repeated. There may be wisdom, principles, ideas, things that gave me experience that they might apply to the next chapter, but it is never a formulaic recipe that they should just simply repeat.

And so how you ask the question and how you help them adapt or how you help yourself adapt, successes or experiences, to the environment you’re going to is critical. And that starts with you understanding that you have to adapt yourself to the environment as much as you have to change it. It’s a two-way process, and most people who believe they have this mythical mandate to repeat some past success skip the part of their own need to adapt.

Pete Mockaitis
Ooh, wow. That’s fascinating. And it’s sort of intuitive like as you were speaking, it’s like, “Okay, I’m not seeing the problem, I’m not seeing the problem. Oh, okay,” you know? Because it’s just so sort of natural to do just that. It’s like, “We’re looking for someone who had done this. You have done this. Therefore, you will do this and we’re excited.” And so you’re saying that that is by no means predictive, and you’ve shared some stats earlier. In fact, the majority of the time it’s not going to work out the way you had hoped.

Ron Carucci
Just having done it in and of itself is not predictive. If you isolate what competence, right, and that’s what more scientific parts to interviews are showing that if you show a demonstration of competence, tenacity, problem solving, collaboration, working with difficult people, you know, if you can help people extract what was good about what they did but contextualize that to the situation they’re going to be in, that’s predictive.

Just having checked the box off, even if they’d done it three times in their career, is not at all predictive that they can do it again in your environment or your context or in your particular culture, and send them the implied message that you believe they can and, in fact, that’s what you’re hiring them for, is in fact almost always a setup for failure.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. Intriguing. Can you speak more about this? That message is a setup for failure in what way and how?

Ron Carucci
In that I’m telling you, “Just come here and repeat what I’ve done.” So I don’t come in looking to learn, I don’t come in looking to understand, “How did the problem you’re in even get here? How did the situation that seems to need what I bring arise? Who caused it? Who are the people here? What have they tried? And how do I need to build credibility with them, build respect with them? How do I need to adapt in this environment in order to be credible here, in order for my ideas to prevail?”

“If I simply come in and start doing, well, my first thing is always that I, you know, start with assigning these taskforces, or I’ve always gone out and just gotten this customer segmentation data, or I’ve always gone out and this is the technology I use. I’ll bring this technology in.” And without any sense for the havoc I’m wreaking, how others are metabolizing this, what ideas they might have, without any sense of the people who I have to live with what I’m building, why would they want to—because now is an indictment, right? All you’re doing is judging and indicting.

Pete Mockaitis
“Yeah, you did it wrong. Let me show you how it’s really done. Watch and learn, guys.”

Ron Carucci
Exactly, Pete, that’s the posture. And how often the one thing you hear that people get most sick of new people is when they begin every sentence for the first four months, “Well, when I was at Johnson & Johnson what we did was…” or, “…the change we did was…” So you got hired because you came from this iconic brand, “Well, at Microsoft what we did was…” and all I hear, and the minute you say that name I stop listening.

But within 10 weeks, you can almost bet casino money on this, people in the break room saying, “If I hear Microsoft one more time, if I hear Johnson & Johnson one more time, I’m going to throw up.” Now, it could be that anything that followed that statement is brilliant. It could be that the idea is perfectly suited. Nobody is going to hear it.

Pete Mockaitis
Right. And so I guess I’m more diplomatically suave astute way to even if you wanted to share that it just maybe have a bit more of a Socratic or curious questioning approach in terms of, “Have you tried to do this?” Or, “What are our thoughts around that?”

Ron Carucci
Exactly. Absolutely. Ask questions, be curious, find out what they’ve learned, and if you have to offer an idea, offer an idea. The origins of the idea are irrelevant.

Pete Mockaitis
Right.

Ron Carucci
Let the idea start its own narrative. If you think that talking about the last big company you came from as the place you saw the idea worked is the basis of its credibility, then why do I care about the idea?

Pete Mockaitis
Perfect.

Ron Carucci
As I say, that’s great. We’re not J&J.

Pete Mockaitis
Yes.

Ron Carucci
That’s great. We’re not Microsoft, right? And so all I’m telling you is I’m judging you because you’re not.

Pete Mockaitis
Awesome. Okay. That’s very instructive. So there’s a whole sort of cluster theme associated with, “Hey, you did that there. We want you to repeat it.” And then you tried to repeat it and then all sorts of havoc can unfold with regard to you’re annoying people because you keep mentioning that you’re not having a posture of curiosity and learning and adaptation, so that’s sort of one cluster of trouble that emerges there. Are there some other findings that are noteworthy in this study?

Ron Carucci
Well, so the other thing is that, you know, when you start getting frustrated with your brilliant ideas not working, you start to judge people. You start to walk around and saying things like, “How did these people made any money here?” Or you go to your hiring manager and you say, “You didn’t tell me it was this bad,” right? And then the halo becomes a noose, you start hanging yourself.

And as people are backing away from you, you don’t realize you’re becoming isolated, right? And that is sure signs of death. And, of course, then the classic statement we all hear when they had to boot your butt out is, “Well, he just wasn’t a fit.”

Pete Mockaitis
Yeah.

Ron Carucci
Right? I mean, it’s almost so cliché at how predictable this is. The other one is when your whole relationship landscape changes. So let’s imagine you rise up to a position where the people who used to be your peers now report to you, the people who used to be your bosses are now your peers, people who used to report to you aren’t anywhere near you anymore.

And the entire relational landscape changes, and people either treat you like you’ve changed or they try and treat you like you haven’t changed, right? And so all those boundaries, if you don’t intentionally renegotiate them, they become really awkward. And so people either start expecting to create favor with you, or they start withholding information from you because they’re not sure they can trust you now, and you feel really alienated, you feel like an alien.

You feel like you’re this guy who just arrived from a different planet and people are looking at you funny, or you walk into a room and they stop talking, or they walk into your office and they start asking really innuendo kinds of questions, trying to get information out of you, or leverage a level of intimacy they had with you before to try and get special treatment.

Or that relational disruption, for some people who aren’t ready for it, can really be paralyzing, can be really uncomfortable, can feel really off-balancing, and people who do it make the mistake of going native and getting all in, or they pull away from people and severe relationships rather than saying, “Okay, how does this relationship need to be redefined in my new world? What parts of how we used to interact can we keep?” And what parts have to change and really having healthy honest forward-looking conversation so that you don’t unnecessarily severe relationships or unnecessarily go native and get exploited.

Pete Mockaitis
Ron, this is so good. You know, it shows that you’ve had a lot of conversations, a lot of people, and have zeroed in on patterns, and there’s a real realness and practicality to it. It’s so good. Is there more?

Ron Carucci
Well, sure. So I think the last one I’d offer, and this maybe for some of your listeners who maybe are aspiring to bigger jobs, or maybe who just got one. But the problem becomes when you’re leading a large organization, so that everybody that you lead is not directly touching you or near you or physically with you, where you may have people you lead in other locations, around the country or maybe even around the world. Or there’s several levels between you and everybody you lead.

The biggest alienation from many leaders there is that now their life plays out on the Jumbotron, right? They’re now this bigger than life version of them. I tell these leaders, “Just assume that there’s a megaphone strapped to your mouth 24/7. Everything you say and do is amplified. Everything you do has meaning attached to it. If you walk down the hallway fast, ‘Oh, she’s angry.’ If you walk out of a meeting scratching your head, ‘Oh, my gosh, she’s upset.’”

The best people would just read cues. They could be wildly irrational and inaccurate but just know that you’re now on the Jumbotron and a way for people to concoct to you, people to create versions of you, people that you now have folk-loving told about you in the hinterlands and places you’ve never been before, people are going to quote things you said you never said, “Well, John said…” “I never said it.”

And for many leaders that just can be so off-putting and disorienting because they don’t understand, “How is this happening?” It’s just the price of leadership. It’s the price of walking in organizations where people have to make up a story if they don’t know the answer, and so they have to interpret reality in ways that makes sense to them even if it’s not rational.

And there are ways to counterbalance some of this with how transparent you are, how you communicate, how you choose to be accessible and how you make people know you in ways that mitigate their need to make you up. But you can’t get away from all of it. And, to me, leaders try and set out on making sure that they neutralize all of that stuff. And, of course, it’s can’t be done. It’s a full-time job.

So just getting used to the higher altitude and the thinnest of the oxygen up there, you need to take more breaths just like climbing a mountain, you have to get used to the fact that there are some elements of how you lead and how you’re perceived that are simply out of your control.

Pete Mockaitis
Right. Well, so maybe we could get sort of one hopeful note within that. You said there are a number of things you can do. Do you have a sort of 80/20 prescription in terms of, “And this is probably one that has a lot of bang for the buck when you find yourself there”?

Ron Carucci
Well, I think the best defense is a good offense, right? If there’s important messaging you need to get out, if there’s important influence you want to have, be vulnerable. Your vulnerability and your humanity are your two greatest assets. Let people know you and let people know that you know you’re flawed.

Talk about the places you know you’re not good. Talk about the things you’re working on. Talk about your own personal values, what you want for the group. Be accessible in a human way to people, that way you’re not having to, you know, so we have people in countries around the world, or locations around the country that you can’t always get to, and obviously use video conference when you can so you can be seen versus just written communications. Do whatever you can to create cohesive intimacy, acknowledging the distance that’s there without having to be physically present and down the hallway and be able to pop in to everybody you lead.

Pete Mockaitis
That’s excellent. And I can recall in some of the early days of my career, I remember I was working at Bain, starting a new case, you’ve got a manager who’s almost a partner and you’re working alongside, and you sort of talk a little bit about professional development goals, and I say, “Oh, yeah, I’m kind of looking to work on this, this, and this.” And then he just said, “Okay, yeah, great. Thank you. I’ll keep that in mind. And here’s some things I’m working on.”

And it’s like it’s so… it was like my mind was blown in the sense of that level of humility and vulnerability, just made me go, “Whoa. This person is real.” And I just felt instantly like, “Oh, I can talk to this guy about stuff,” instead of having to worry about the things that are permissible and impermissible to be shared with them.

Ron Carucci
Yup. Well, that’s one reason why Bain continues to get voted in the top three companies to work for, right? You have leaders who are really people know they care. And impressionable service where you can have all kinds of cutthroat rivalry and all kinds of horrible individualistic cannibalistic behavior. It’s wonderful that they have worked so hard. I’ve always thought, “Gosh, if I didn’t have my own consulting firm, Bain would be one of the places I’d love to work.”

Pete Mockaitis
Yeah, it was a great experience in many ways

Ron Carucci
Yup.

Pete Mockaitis
But I want to touch based on, so, I think a number of listeners will say, “Okay, not yet an executive. Those sound like interesting and problems that I hope to have some years down the line.” What are some of your pro tips for what can just convey this guy or gal is a rising executive and can set folks up for success in seeing that altitude sooner rather than later?

Ron Carucci
Well, the reality is that the four dimensions that we found, in the data, these four patterns, no matter how we cut the data up, almost a hundred regression analysis, these four patterns were the continued hallmark of those whose influence stuck, whose impact was sustained, and their patterns of behavior and influence we can all use, it doesn’t matter where you are.

So the first one we call breadth. This was people who understood that the organization was made up of many parts, right? So when you get to the top you can glue it together. But even from where you’re at, you know, there are some border, there are some other department, there are some colleague, there’s somebody across a moat that you have to work with, that relies on you, you have to collaborate with. Do you understand how to bring cohesion where there’s fragmentation?

Organizations are natural fragmenting parts, they are naturally pulled apart with centrifugal force. Can you cross a border? Do you know how to create connections across boundaries? Can you appreciate the world? If you’re in finance, do you understand what sales has to do? If you’re marketing, do you understand what supply chain has to do?

Who are the counterparts around the organization who you tend to get annoyed with or you tend to be frustrated by and think, “Gosh, if they knew how much havoc they wreak in my life.” Well, the chances are you probably wreak the same havoc in their life. So how do you cross those borders and understood how you work this into a larger story? The more you can see how the whole organization works the more general a contributor you can be.

The second we call context. So this is the person who comes in and read the tea leaves, right? Are you curious? Are you asking questions? Do you know the trends to disrupt your industry? Do you know what the competitive moods are? Regardless of where you are in the organization, do you know why your customers are choosing you? Do you understand the landscape of which you sit? And are you seriously asking questions to learn what’s happening around you and why? Can you read context? Can you read the context of your culture, and why certain norms and behaviors are accepted and those that aren’t?

The third one we call choice. So this is the ability to make really hard calls. Leadership is being able to disappoint people, that’s what it means, right? So, can you say no? Can you narrow the focus of the organization? Can you prioritize people’s work so that you aren’t over-committing them?

You never walk around an organization and hear somebody say, “Wow, we just have too few priorities. Gosh, we’re way too focused.” Right? You hear, “My gosh, how many more things you’re going to put on my plate? How much resource do you think I have?” Over-committed, over-extended, under-focused, priorities du jour, changing priorities by the day. And so great choice makers can make hard calls. They can narrow people’s focus.

Pete Mockaitis
That’s so powerful.

Ron Carucci
They can choose what to work on and choose to what to say no to. And it’s not about saying no to bad ideas. Any dummy can do that. But say no to even great ideas because other great ideas have to prevail.

Pete Mockaitis
Absolutely. You know, we had Greg McKeown who wrote Essentialism back in episode 38, and he said that originally the word priority was never pluralized. There’s only one.

Ron Carucci
Yup. I love that but I actually interviewed Greg a few times for my Forbes column. Great guy and a great book.

And the last one we call connection. You know, not surprisingly these are the relationships that you have with people above you, alongside you, and below you. All around you, direct reports, peers and bosses, you build relationships of deep trust, deep credibility and reliability. And one of the key differentiating factors of these, they call the relationships, were not so much asking, “Who do I need things from?” But these people set themselves apart by actively seeking ways to help others succeed.

They actively ask the question, “Who can I help? Who needs what I have to offer?” And so if you haven’t done it, seek down a map of your stakeholders, the key relationships in your organization regardless of where you sit, and whose success can you contribute to. Who can you say to, “How can I help you be better at what you do today?”

And people who actively seek to put others’ needs on their agenda, those are the folks that are remembered and given opportunities to have greater impact.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, that is so good. That is so good. Ron, this is excellent overview which I know has a lot of depth underneath it. But tell me, is there anything else you really want to make sure to mention before we shift gears and hear about a few of your favorite things?

Ron Carucci
No, I think we’re good.

Pete Mockaitis
Okay. Cool. Well, then can you share with us a favorite quote, something you find inspiring?

Ron Carucci
My mentor, she’s still my mentor, has been for 30 something years. Early in my career she said to me, “Nothing is irrevocable except death.” And the reminder is every day we get second chances, we get do-overs. Not on everything but on many more things than we give ourselves access to. And if we could free ourselves from the fears, the anxieties, the projections and judgments of others about us, if we could shed those we might make more courageous and optimal choices.

So, remember it’s okay to skin your knees. You get do-overs.

Pete Mockaitis
Thank you. And how about a favorite study or experiment or bit of research?

Ron Carucci
So my favorite Jim Collins book is actually one of his most extreme books but I love How the Mighty Fall. It was this interesting leftover bit of research about patterns on arrogance and failure. It’s a brilliant piece of work and it’s one of my favorite pieces of research.

Pete Mockaitis
Oh, thank you. Well, my next question is about a favorite book. Is it the same or you have another?

Ron Carucci
I think David Whyte’s book Crossing the Unknown Sea should be required reading for the planet. I love the notion of work as a pilgrimage of life.

Pete Mockaitis
Thank you. And how about a favorite tool, something that helps you be awesome at your job?

Ron Carucci
In business, I’m a big fan of Zoom. I know we’re not on it but I just love Zoom. It’s all the cool things it can do to connect people, to communicate people, to capture great conversations. It’s really cool.

Pete Mockaitis
Agreed. And how about a favorite habit?

Ron Carucci
Gosh, my wife would say, “How are you going to answer that one?” You know, one of them is, I know a habit or a ritual, but down the hallway from my office in the conference room where our kitchen is, I have this collection of coffee mugs. People that are listening will say I’m a hoarder, my doorknobs.

But they’re mugs that I’ve gathered from all over the world, from different experiences with different trips and different people. But each of them is attached to a person or an experience I had with a friend or someone in my family or a colleague. And so when I have coffee in the morning, when I pick that mug, it forces me to remember somebody really important to me to grateful, and I start my day remembering that my life is bigger than just the one…the story I made up, whatever challenges I have that day, and to start by being thankful for the people in my story that make my life as rich and meaningful as it is.

Pete Mockaitis
That’s awesome. Thank you. And do you have a particular nugget you share in your consulting, your speaking, your writing that really seems to connect and resonate, folks are maybe quoting yourself to you, that’s an authentic quote as opposed to a mythic quote that’s mistakenly ascribe to executives?

Ron Carucci
I’ve never said that. No, I think it’s a question that I ask people that it can be a little bit off-balancing. But I love to ask it when I’m about to start any one of our diagnostic works, when I’m about to go do my MRI on an organization. And I love to ask this, “So what am I going to hear?” Because I love to both test their predictive nature and their intuitive insight. But they love trying to guess before they get the data, “I wonder what they’re going to hear?”

And, of course, as they begin to presume what it is I’m going to hear, they’re forced to test the assumptions around, “Why do I think that? And I wonder what he’s going to hear, and how do I know?” And so I love to put people on notice to say, “Okay, let’s go see what actually you’re doing here.” But it forces them to test the assumptions they’ve taken for granted often of which is some of the reason they had to call me in the first place.

Pete Mockaitis
And, Ron, if folks want to learn more or get in touch, where would you point them?

Ron Carucci
I’d love them to come to do a couple of things. One, on our website, Navalent, N-A-V-A-L-E-N-T.com. We’ve got a great quarterly magazine on leadership and organizations and teams and all kinds of fun stuff we’d love to have you subscribe to. It’s free. We have a really exciting virtual summit coming up called Leading Through Turbulence and, wow, what a lineup we’ve got.

We’ve got Jon Haidt and Dan Pink and Dorie Clark and Whitney Johson and Nilofer Merchant and Mark Haughey and CEOs of big companies and entrepreneur CEO startups, and thought leaders of all kinds, but 25 speakers in all. It’s March 5 through 9, so come sign up for that. It’s also free for the week of March 5 through 9. You can also, for a nominal fee, buy an all-access pass for you that gets you a free coaching conversation with one of us from Navalent and get you a free e-book and all kinds of stuff. So we’d love to have your listeners join us for that. That’s going to be a great set of conversations and really rich content.

We also have a free e-book. So if you’re facing some change in your life, and leading change of some kind is important, if you come to Navalent.com/transformation we have a free e-book on leading transformation that you would find, I think, interest in and enjoyable. So I’m also at Twitter @roncarucci, and I’m on LinkedIn as well.

Pete Mockaitis
And do you have a final challenge or call to action you’d issue to folks seeking to be awesome at their jobs?

Ron Carucci
Yes, go ask five people for feedback on how they experience you, and make them tell you the truth. Some of them will go, “Oh, you’re great. You’re great,” and say what you want to hear. But say, “No, really. What’s one thing I could do better to help you do a better job?” Go ask people for how they experience you as a colleague.

Pete Mockaitis
Now, I really like that. And so when you say how they experience you, could you give us a few articulations of that because my hunch is some folks would say, “Oh, what do you mean? I think you’re a cool dude, Ron. Thanks.”

Ron Carucci
So what’s the one thing I do that most annoys you?

Pete Mockaitis
Alright.

Ron Carucci
What’s the one thing I do that makes your life easier? What’s the one thing you think that if I improve could make my career better? What’s the one thing that everybody else is talking about me behind my back and rolling their eyes about that no one thinks I know?

Pete Mockaitis
Perfect. I love it. Well, Ron, thank you so much for taking this time. This is thought-provoking. It’s powerful and I’m really excited to put some of this into action myself, and some eye-opening questions and things to go after. So I wish you tons of luck with the book, and your consulting, and the summit, and all the cool things you’re doing there.

Ron Carucci
Pete, it’s been a real pleasure. Thanks so much for chatting with me. Good to be with you.